A famous monastery
的修道院
Listen to the tape then answer the question below.
聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。
What are the St. Bernard dogs used for?
The Great St. Bernard Pass connects Switzerland to Italy. At 2,473 metres, it is the highest mountain pass in Europe. The famous monastery of St. Bernard, which was founded in eleventh century, lies about a mile away. For hundreds of years, St. Bernard dogs have saved the lives of travellers crossing the dangerous Pass. These friendly dogs, which were first brought from Asia, were used as watchdogs even in Roman times. Now that a tunnel has been built through the mountains, the Pass is less dangerous, but each year, the dogs are still sent out into the snow whenever a traveller is in difficulty. Despite the new tunnel, there are still a few people who rashly attempt to cross the Pass on foot.
During the summer months, the monastery is very busy, for it is visited by thousands of people who cross the Pass in cars. As there are so many people about, the dogs have to be kept in a special enclosure. In winter, however, life at the monastery is quite different. The temperature drops to minus 30 degrees and very few people attempt to cross the Pass. The monks prefer winter to summer of they have more privacy. The dogs have greater freedom, too, for they are allowed to wander outside their enclosure. The only regular visitors to the monastery in winter are parties of skiers who go there at Christmas and Easter. These young people, who love the peace of mountains, always receive a warm welcome at St. Bernard's monastery.參考譯文
圣伯納德大山口連接著瑞士與意大利，海拔2,473O米，是歐洲高的山口。11世紀(jì)建造的的圣伯納德修道院位于離山口1英里遠(yuǎn)的地方。幾百年來，圣伯納德修道院馴養(yǎng)狗拯救了許多翻越這道山口的旅游者的生命。那些先從亞洲引進(jìn)的狗，待人友好，早在羅馬時(shí)代就給人當(dāng)看門狗了。如今由于山里開挖了隧道，翻越山口已不那么危險(xiǎn)了。但每年還要派狗到雪山地里去幫助那些遇到困難的旅游者，盡管修通了隧道，但仍有一些人想冒險(xiǎn)徒步跨越圣伯納德山口。
夏天的幾個月里，修道院十分忙碌，因?yàn)橛谐汕先f的人駕車通過山口，順道來修道院參觀。由于來人太多，狗被關(guān)在專門的圍欄里。然而到了冬天，修道院里的生活則是另一番景象。氣溫下降到零下30度，試圖跨越山口的人寥寥無幾。修道士們喜歡冬天，而不太喜歡夏天。因?yàn)樵诙欤麄兛梢愿嗟剡^無人打擾的生活。狗也比較自由，被放出圍欄，四處遛達(dá)。冬天常來修道院參觀的只有一批批滑雪者。他們在圣誕節(jié)或復(fù)活節(jié)到那兒去。這些熱愛高山清靜環(huán)境的年輕人每年都受到圣伯納德道院的熱烈歡迎。1. monastery n. 寺院，修道院
Ladies are not allowed into the monastery in shorts.
女士們不允許穿短褲進(jìn)入修道院。
2. St. Bernard 圣伯納德
3. pass n. 關(guān)隘
There is a bus passing through the Brenner Pass every day.
每天都有一輛穿過布里納山口的公共汽車。
4. watchdog n. 看門狗
Medium large breed of German origin with a glossy black-and-tan coat used as a watchdog.
德國血統(tǒng)體型中型到大型的品種，皮毛為閃亮的黑棕色，用作看門狗。
5. rashly adj. 莽撞地，冒失地
If I face this situation, I will not act rashly.
我若是面對這樣的情況，就不會輕率地行動。
6. enclosure n. 圍場，圈地
An enclosure for cattle that have been rounded up.
家養(yǎng)牲畜被圈起來的圍欄。
7. monk n. 和尚
He decide to give away everything he possessed and become a monk.
他決定放棄他所有的一切，出家為僧。
8. privacy n. 清靜，隱居
A high wall round the estate protected their privacy.
莊園周圍有一堵高墻,使他們不受外界打擾。
9. skier n. 滑雪者
The company sent the injured skier back home by air.
公司用飛機(jī)將受傷的滑雪者運(yùn)送回家。
10. Easter n. 復(fù)活節(jié)
a merry Christmas/happy Easter to you!
圣誕/復(fù)活節(jié)快樂！課文講解
1. The Great St. Bernard Pass connects Switzerland to Italy.
1) St =Saint n.圣人, 圣徒 adj.神圣
2) Bernard n.伯納德(男子名)
3) connects Switzerland to Italy
Connect的幾個詞組，注意不同介詞：
------connect A to B/ join A to B/ link A with B 把…和…連接到一起
------connect … with 把…與某事聯(lián)系在一起
------be connected with 與…有聯(lián)系
Are you connected with your mother every week?
你跟你的母親每周都聯(lián)系嗎？
2. At 2473 meters, it is the highest mountain pass in Europe.
at 2,473 meters:介詞短語修飾全句用于句首表示原因、條件或狀態(tài)
At one point 65 meters, he is a little short.
他有點(diǎn)矮，只有一米六五。
3. The famous monastery of St Bernard, which was founded in the eleventh century, lies about a mile away.
本句是非限制性定語從句。限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句大的區(qū)別：
★ 非限制性定語從句是對主句或主句中所出現(xiàn)的某個名詞的補(bǔ)充說明和解釋，去掉對主句影響不大；
★ 限制性定語從句是主句當(dāng)中不可缺少的一部分
★ who引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句主要指人做主語
---There were very few passengers who escaped without serious injury.
★ 指代事物在非限制性定語從句當(dāng)中只能使用which, 不用that。
---He lent me a thousand dollars, which was exactly the sum I needed.
★ 指代時(shí)間when、地點(diǎn)where
----He was left on the desert island, where he stayed for as long as three weeks.
4. For hundreds of years, St. Bernard dogs have saved the lives of travellers crossing the dangerous Pass.
Life n.生命, 生活
lives（life的復(fù)數(shù)）
5. Now that a tunnel has been built through the mountains, the Pass is less dangerous, but each year, the dogs are still sent out into the snow whenever a traveller is in difficulty.
1)Now that：既然
用做時(shí)間連接詞，后面通常跟完成式
Now that you have left university, you have to find a job.
用做原因連接詞時(shí), 后面時(shí)態(tài)不限。
Now that you won't help me, I must do the job myself.
2)whenever 無論何時(shí)
whoever, whatever, whenever, wherever, whichever, however = no matter who/what/when/where/which/how6. Despite the new tunnel, there are still a few people who rashly attempt to cross the Pass on foot.
1)Despite(介詞) = in spite of (of是介詞)
2)There be結(jié)構(gòu)：
-- There are still a few students studying English in the classroom.
依舊有些學(xué)生在教室學(xué)習(xí)英語。
3)attempt to do something = try to do something 企圖做某事
7. As there are so many people about , the dogs have to be kept in a special enclosure.
1)about adv.到處，周圍
Don’t litter waste paper about.
不要隨地扔廢紙。
2)詞組：
look about 到處逛
go about 到處走
run about 到處跑
wander about到處閑逛
3) keep： 使某人或某物處于某種狀態(tài)，經(jīng)常和介詞短語、形容詞、分詞（現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞）搭配連用，表示一種狀態(tài)
keep him outin.
8. In winter, however, life at the monastery is quite different.
quite the opposite 恰恰相反
9. The monks prefer winter to summer for they have more privacy.
(1)prefer A to B
I prefer reading to doing nothing.
我寧愿讀書，也不愿什么也不做。
2)詞組：
Prefer to do A than do B
I prefer to read books than do nothing.
我寧愿讀書，也不愿什么也不做。經(jīng)典句子
1. The Great St. Bernard Pass connects Switzerland to Italy.
圣伯納德大山口連接著瑞士與意大利
前面的吊橋也提到一個join… to..
2. At 2470 meters, it is thehighest mountain pass in Europe.
海拔2,473O米，是歐洲高的山口。
表示高度
3. Despite the new tunnel,there are still a few people who rashly attempt to cross the Pass onfoot.
盡管修通了隧道，但仍有一些人想冒險(xiǎn)徒步跨越圣伯納德山口。
4. As there are so many people about,the dogs have to be kept in a special enclosure.
由于到處都是人，狗被關(guān)在專門的圍欄里。
5. In winter, however, life at themonastery is quite different.
然而到了冬天，修道院里的生活則是另一番景象。
的修道院
Listen to the tape then answer the question below.
聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。
What are the St. Bernard dogs used for?
The Great St. Bernard Pass connects Switzerland to Italy. At 2,473 metres, it is the highest mountain pass in Europe. The famous monastery of St. Bernard, which was founded in eleventh century, lies about a mile away. For hundreds of years, St. Bernard dogs have saved the lives of travellers crossing the dangerous Pass. These friendly dogs, which were first brought from Asia, were used as watchdogs even in Roman times. Now that a tunnel has been built through the mountains, the Pass is less dangerous, but each year, the dogs are still sent out into the snow whenever a traveller is in difficulty. Despite the new tunnel, there are still a few people who rashly attempt to cross the Pass on foot.
During the summer months, the monastery is very busy, for it is visited by thousands of people who cross the Pass in cars. As there are so many people about, the dogs have to be kept in a special enclosure. In winter, however, life at the monastery is quite different. The temperature drops to minus 30 degrees and very few people attempt to cross the Pass. The monks prefer winter to summer of they have more privacy. The dogs have greater freedom, too, for they are allowed to wander outside their enclosure. The only regular visitors to the monastery in winter are parties of skiers who go there at Christmas and Easter. These young people, who love the peace of mountains, always receive a warm welcome at St. Bernard's monastery.參考譯文
圣伯納德大山口連接著瑞士與意大利，海拔2,473O米，是歐洲高的山口。11世紀(jì)建造的的圣伯納德修道院位于離山口1英里遠(yuǎn)的地方。幾百年來，圣伯納德修道院馴養(yǎng)狗拯救了許多翻越這道山口的旅游者的生命。那些先從亞洲引進(jìn)的狗，待人友好，早在羅馬時(shí)代就給人當(dāng)看門狗了。如今由于山里開挖了隧道，翻越山口已不那么危險(xiǎn)了。但每年還要派狗到雪山地里去幫助那些遇到困難的旅游者，盡管修通了隧道，但仍有一些人想冒險(xiǎn)徒步跨越圣伯納德山口。
夏天的幾個月里，修道院十分忙碌，因?yàn)橛谐汕先f的人駕車通過山口，順道來修道院參觀。由于來人太多，狗被關(guān)在專門的圍欄里。然而到了冬天，修道院里的生活則是另一番景象。氣溫下降到零下30度，試圖跨越山口的人寥寥無幾。修道士們喜歡冬天，而不太喜歡夏天。因?yàn)樵诙欤麄兛梢愿嗟剡^無人打擾的生活。狗也比較自由，被放出圍欄，四處遛達(dá)。冬天常來修道院參觀的只有一批批滑雪者。他們在圣誕節(jié)或復(fù)活節(jié)到那兒去。這些熱愛高山清靜環(huán)境的年輕人每年都受到圣伯納德道院的熱烈歡迎。1. monastery n. 寺院，修道院
Ladies are not allowed into the monastery in shorts.
女士們不允許穿短褲進(jìn)入修道院。
2. St. Bernard 圣伯納德
3. pass n. 關(guān)隘
There is a bus passing through the Brenner Pass every day.
每天都有一輛穿過布里納山口的公共汽車。
4. watchdog n. 看門狗
Medium large breed of German origin with a glossy black-and-tan coat used as a watchdog.
德國血統(tǒng)體型中型到大型的品種，皮毛為閃亮的黑棕色，用作看門狗。
5. rashly adj. 莽撞地，冒失地
If I face this situation, I will not act rashly.
我若是面對這樣的情況，就不會輕率地行動。
6. enclosure n. 圍場，圈地
An enclosure for cattle that have been rounded up.
家養(yǎng)牲畜被圈起來的圍欄。
7. monk n. 和尚
He decide to give away everything he possessed and become a monk.
他決定放棄他所有的一切，出家為僧。
8. privacy n. 清靜，隱居
A high wall round the estate protected their privacy.
莊園周圍有一堵高墻,使他們不受外界打擾。
9. skier n. 滑雪者
The company sent the injured skier back home by air.
公司用飛機(jī)將受傷的滑雪者運(yùn)送回家。
10. Easter n. 復(fù)活節(jié)
a merry Christmas/happy Easter to you!
圣誕/復(fù)活節(jié)快樂！課文講解
1. The Great St. Bernard Pass connects Switzerland to Italy.
1) St =Saint n.圣人, 圣徒 adj.神圣
2) Bernard n.伯納德(男子名)
3) connects Switzerland to Italy
Connect的幾個詞組，注意不同介詞：
------connect A to B/ join A to B/ link A with B 把…和…連接到一起
------connect … with 把…與某事聯(lián)系在一起
------be connected with 與…有聯(lián)系
Are you connected with your mother every week?
你跟你的母親每周都聯(lián)系嗎？
2. At 2473 meters, it is the highest mountain pass in Europe.
at 2,473 meters:介詞短語修飾全句用于句首表示原因、條件或狀態(tài)
At one point 65 meters, he is a little short.
他有點(diǎn)矮，只有一米六五。
3. The famous monastery of St Bernard, which was founded in the eleventh century, lies about a mile away.
本句是非限制性定語從句。限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句大的區(qū)別：
★ 非限制性定語從句是對主句或主句中所出現(xiàn)的某個名詞的補(bǔ)充說明和解釋，去掉對主句影響不大；
★ 限制性定語從句是主句當(dāng)中不可缺少的一部分
★ who引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句主要指人做主語
---There were very few passengers who escaped without serious injury.
★ 指代事物在非限制性定語從句當(dāng)中只能使用which, 不用that。
---He lent me a thousand dollars, which was exactly the sum I needed.
★ 指代時(shí)間when、地點(diǎn)where
----He was left on the desert island, where he stayed for as long as three weeks.
4. For hundreds of years, St. Bernard dogs have saved the lives of travellers crossing the dangerous Pass.
Life n.生命, 生活
lives（life的復(fù)數(shù)）
5. Now that a tunnel has been built through the mountains, the Pass is less dangerous, but each year, the dogs are still sent out into the snow whenever a traveller is in difficulty.
1)Now that：既然
用做時(shí)間連接詞，后面通常跟完成式
Now that you have left university, you have to find a job.
用做原因連接詞時(shí), 后面時(shí)態(tài)不限。
Now that you won't help me, I must do the job myself.
2)whenever 無論何時(shí)
whoever, whatever, whenever, wherever, whichever, however = no matter who/what/when/where/which/how6. Despite the new tunnel, there are still a few people who rashly attempt to cross the Pass on foot.
1)Despite(介詞) = in spite of (of是介詞)
2)There be結(jié)構(gòu)：
-- There are still a few students studying English in the classroom.
依舊有些學(xué)生在教室學(xué)習(xí)英語。
3)attempt to do something = try to do something 企圖做某事
7. As there are so many people about , the dogs have to be kept in a special enclosure.
1)about adv.到處，周圍
Don’t litter waste paper about.
不要隨地扔廢紙。
2)詞組：
look about 到處逛
go about 到處走
run about 到處跑
wander about到處閑逛
3) keep： 使某人或某物處于某種狀態(tài)，經(jīng)常和介詞短語、形容詞、分詞（現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞）搭配連用，表示一種狀態(tài)
keep him outin.
8. In winter, however, life at the monastery is quite different.
quite the opposite 恰恰相反
9. The monks prefer winter to summer for they have more privacy.
(1)prefer A to B
I prefer reading to doing nothing.
我寧愿讀書，也不愿什么也不做。
2)詞組：
Prefer to do A than do B
I prefer to read books than do nothing.
我寧愿讀書，也不愿什么也不做。經(jīng)典句子
1. The Great St. Bernard Pass connects Switzerland to Italy.
圣伯納德大山口連接著瑞士與意大利
前面的吊橋也提到一個join… to..
2. At 2470 meters, it is thehighest mountain pass in Europe.
海拔2,473O米，是歐洲高的山口。
表示高度
3. Despite the new tunnel,there are still a few people who rashly attempt to cross the Pass onfoot.
盡管修通了隧道，但仍有一些人想冒險(xiǎn)徒步跨越圣伯納德山口。
4. As there are so many people about,the dogs have to be kept in a special enclosure.
由于到處都是人，狗被關(guān)在專門的圍欄里。
5. In winter, however, life at themonastery is quite different.
然而到了冬天，修道院里的生活則是另一番景象。