小升初英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法:have的用法

字號(hào):

動(dòng)詞have,基本的涵義是“有”,強(qiáng)調(diào)“所屬關(guān)系”,表示“擁有”。如:
    I have a computer.我有一臺(tái)電腦。
    但有些同學(xué)一見(jiàn)到我就譯成“有”,那你就大錯(cuò)而特錯(cuò)了,其實(shí)我的用法除意為“有”之外,還有不少其它涵義呢。請(qǐng)看:
    1.作“買(mǎi)”講。如:
    I want to have a kilo of meat.我想買(mǎi)一公斤肉。
    2.作“用;作用;借用”講,如:
    Excuse me, may I have your pen?打擾了,我可以用用你的鋼筆嗎?
    3.我加上表示食品、飲料等名詞,意為“吃;喝”=(eat,drink)。如:
    I have /eat an egg for breakfast.我早餐吃一個(gè)雞蛋。
    4.在我后面加上表示某種活動(dòng)的名詞,意為“舉行;進(jìn)行”。如:
    The students are having a class.學(xué)生們?cè)谏险n。
    5.我還可作“邀請(qǐng);招待”講。如:
    Thank you for having me.感謝你們邀請(qǐng)我。
    6.我善交朋友,還可與其它詞構(gòu)成一些常見(jiàn)的固定搭配。如:
    have a rest休息一會(huì)兒,have a good time過(guò)得愉快,have a look,看一看,have a talk交談, have a meeting開(kāi)會(huì)等等。
     第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)不是在詞尾直接加s (haves ),而是has,have和has在否定句、疑問(wèn)句中,要借助助動(dòng)詞do, does構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句,借助don't, doesn't構(gòu)成否定句。并把has還原成have。 如: Lily has some red pencils.
    (否定句)Lily doesn't have any red pencils.
    (疑問(wèn)句)Does Lily have any red pencils?
    have的否定句、疑問(wèn)句也可以不借助于助動(dòng)詞,而直接在have和has后
    加not構(gòu)成否定句或?qū)ave和has提到句首構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句。不過(guò)這種變法
    只有have和has作“有”講時(shí)才能用,千萬(wàn)別變錯(cuò)呀!如:
    1. I have an eraser.
    (否定句)I haven't an eraser. (疑問(wèn)句)Do you have an eraser?
    2. We have lunch at school.
    誤:We have not lunch at school. 正:We don't have lunch at school.