111、perhaps he believed that he could not criticize american foreign policy without endangering the support for civil rights that he had won from the federal government.（4-）他有可能相信，他不能夠既批評美國的對外政策，同時又不危及到他從聯(lián)邦政府那里已經(jīng)獲得的對民權(quán)運動的支持。
難句類型：復(fù)雜修飾、正話反說（雙重否定）
解釋：單從語言上來講，這句話并不難，但是我們可發(fā)覺作者在句子中拐彎抹角的，雙重否定的表達，想說的一定不是字面上的意思：這是一個標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的正話反說“他有可能相信，他不能夠既批評美國的對外政策，同時又不危及到他從聯(lián)邦政府那里已經(jīng)獲得的對民權(quán)運動的支持?！钡膶嶋H意思就是：他可能相信，如果他批評美國的對外政策，就有可能會危及到（他從聯(lián)邦政府那里已經(jīng)獲得的）對民權(quán)運動的支持。其實這是一個較為簡單的思維轉(zhuǎn)換，也是gre和gmat的閱讀和邏輯中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的表達方法。希望讀者通過反復(fù)的訓(xùn)練，迅速習(xí)慣這種語言方式。
意群訓(xùn)練：perhaps he believed that he could not criticize american foreign policy without endangering the support for civil rights that he had won from the federal government.
112、however, some broods possess a few snails of the opposing hand, and in predominantly sinistral broods, the incidence of dextrality is surprisingly high.（5）可是，一些窩中會有一些相反旋向的蝸牛，而且在主要是左旋的窩種，出現(xiàn)右旋的幾率是令人驚奇的高。
難句類型：正話反說（或暗含的強對比）
解釋：本句貌不驚人，實無難句之偉岸雄姿，然而不知在考試中難倒了多少英雄好漢，原文的表面意思簡單至極，一些窩中會有一些相反旋向的蝸牛，在左旋為主的窩當(dāng)中，出現(xiàn)右旋的幾率是令人驚奇地高，關(guān)鍵是作者只是單純地想說左旋窩的右旋幾率嗎？什么是高，是絕對值還是相對值？如果是相對值，那么是與什么相比呢？
這么一提示，讀者可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)作者的言外之意，作者的真實意圖，是想將兩種窩的情況做一個對比，把句子補全就是：在左旋窩中會出現(xiàn)右旋，右旋窩中有左旋，而左旋窩中的右旋數(shù)量遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于右旋窩中的左旋數(shù)量，這篇文章對這句話出了一道題，答案就是右旋窩中的左旋數(shù)量少于左旋窩中的右旋數(shù)量。
ets的出題者的語言表述常常像初戀中的靦腆少女，言語間閃爍其辭，留有余味。讓我們的考生自己云猜想，恐怕不是出于羞澀；其真實用心和正確含義，關(guān)乎讀者的考試成敗，不可不察。
意群訓(xùn)練：however, some broods possess a few snails of the opposing hand, and in predominantly sinistral broods, the incidence of dextrality is surprisingly high.
113、in experiments，an injection of cytoplasm from dextral eggs changes the pattern of sinistral eggs，but an injection from sinistral eggs does not influence dextral eggs.
在實驗中，用取自右旋卵子的細(xì)胞質(zhì)進行的注射，可改變左旋卵子的模式；用取自左旋卵子的細(xì)胞質(zhì)進行的注射卻不能影響到右旋卵子。
難句類型：省略、易淆詞
解釋：本句與上一句來自于同一篇文章，蝸牛的右旋與左旋，在閱讀這篇文章的過程當(dāng)中，所有同學(xué)都在竭盡全力地分清左、右的區(qū)別，然而這里的時候，ets的出題者終于突破了讀者的心理防線，徹底地搞混了左右之間的關(guān)系。
其實在這里之所以容易搞混，還有一個人為的重要原因，就是這句話使用了大量的省略；方中的changes the pattern of sinisteral eggs后面，實際上省略了一個to dextral，而最后的分句an injection from sinisteral eggs does not influencee dextral eggs,則是an injection of cytoplasm from sinisteral eggs does not influencee the pattern of dextral eggs的省略形式。
意群訓(xùn)練：in experiments，an injection of cytoplasm from dextral eggs changes the pattern of sinistral eggs，but an injection from sinistral eggs does not influence dextral eggs.
114、recently some scientists have concluded that meteorites found on earth and long believed to have a martian origin might actually have been blasted free of mars’s gravity by the impact on mars of other meteorites. （4+）
最近，某些科學(xué)家得出結(jié)論認(rèn)為，那些在地球上發(fā)現(xiàn)的并一直被相信源自火星的隕石（meteorite），實際上有可能是由于其它的隕石撞擊火星而致使其被震離火星的重力作用范圍。
難句類型：復(fù)雜修飾
解釋：這個句子難就難在以that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，從句中的主語是meteorites，修飾它的成分有兩個，一個是found on earth，另一個是long believed to have a martian origin，兩個凍死的成分之間以and 相連接。注意，這里不能把原句理解成是meteorites found on earth and meteorites long believed to have a martian origin的省略形式，這個表達是說有兩種隕石，一種是地球上發(fā)現(xiàn)的，另一種來自于火星，原文所指的是同一批隕石的兩個特征，發(fā)現(xiàn)于地球，來自于火星。
句子最后的by the impact on mars of other meteorites讀上云令人感到不舒服的原因，是the impact of other meteorites中的impact of 被修飾impact的on mars分隔開了。
意群訓(xùn)練：recently some scientists have concluded that meteorites found on earth and long believed to have a martian origin might actually have been blasted free of mars’s gravity by the impact on mars of other meteorites.
115、under the force of this view，it was perhaps inevitable that the art of rhetoric should pass from the status of being regarded as of questionable worth （because although it might be both a source of pleasure and a means to urge people to right action，it might also be a means to distort truth and a source of misguided action）to the status of being wholly condemned. （4）
在這種觀點的力量作用下，一件或許是不可避免的事情發(fā)生了：修辭藝術(shù)竟然從被視和具有讓人懷疑的價值這樣一種地位（因為盡管它有可能既構(gòu)成一種歪曲真理的手段和誤導(dǎo)行為的來源）轉(zhuǎn)變到徹底遭譴責(zé)的地位。
難句類型：插入語
解釋：本句的插入語堪稱gre和gmat考試中最長的插入語之一。筆者曾在本書前面的講解中強調(diào)過，這種插入語(三行以上)一定要在閱讀中毫不猶豫地跳過，讀完整個句子后再來讀它。否則不但句意無法銜接，而且類似于本句中的from…to…的固定搭配，也會在插入語的干擾下遠(yuǎn)隔千山萬水，在讀者的大腦中永無聚首之日。
意群訓(xùn)練：under the force of this view，it was perhaps inevitable that the art of rhetoric should pass from the status of being regarded as of questionable worth （because although it might be both a source of pleasure and a means to urge people to right action，it might also be a means to distort truth and a source of misguided action）to the status of being wholly condemned.
116、none of these translations to screen and stage，however，dramatize the anarchy at the conclusion of a connecticut yankee，which ends with the violent overthrow of morgan’s three-year-old progressive order and his return to the nineteenth century，where he apparently commits suicide after being labeled a lunatic for his incoherent babblings about drawbridges and battlements. （4）
然則，在所有這些被搬上銀幕和舞臺的改編作品中，沒有任何一部作品能生動地再現(xiàn)《康乃涅克州的美國佬》結(jié)尾處的無政府狀態(tài)。而在原作結(jié)尾處所描述的情節(jié)是，摩根歷時三年之久苦心經(jīng)營的進步事業(yè)被暴力*，他又重返于十九世紀(jì)，在由于他的那些有關(guān)吊橋和城垛的語無倫次的嘮叨而被列為瘋子之后，顯然自殺身亡。
難句類型：復(fù)雜修飾、
解釋：本句是典型的層層修飾的例子，主句的賓語anarchy被修飾得不像話，以至于筆者用光了三層修飾符號也沒有把所有的層次標(biāo)全(anarchy)與at the conclusion of 之間未做標(biāo)記，是后者修飾前者)，其實這種句子無它，惟長而已，多練即可。
意群訓(xùn)練：none of these translations to screen and stage，however，dramatize the anarchy at the conclusion of a connecticut yankee，which ends with the violent overthrow of morgan’s three-year-old progressive order and his return to the nineteenth century，where he apparently commits suicide after being labeled a lunatic for his incoherent babblings about drawbridges and battlements.
117、calculations of the density of alloys based on bernal-type models of the alloys metal component agreed fairly well with the experimentally determined values from measurements on alloys consisting of a noble metal together with a metalloid，such as alloys of palladium and silicon，or alloys consisting of iron，phosphorus，and carbon，although small discrepancies remained. （5）
以伯納爾所建立的旨在研究合金中金屬成分的那類模型為基礎(chǔ)，研究人員對合金密度進行了計算，這些計算相當(dāng)程度上與某些合金測量中通過實驗確定的數(shù)據(jù)趨于一致，盡管一些細(xì)小的差異依然存在。實驗中測量的那類合金由一貴金屬和一準(zhǔn)金屬構(gòu)成，例如，鈀和硅的合金，或由鐵、磷、和碳組成的合金。
難句類型：復(fù)雜修飾、插入語
解釋：前面的分句中同時有兩個成分修飾主語calculations。賓語the experimentally determined value之后的、從from開始一直到although之前的內(nèi)容修飾賓語，說明賓語中determine的具體方法。
值得注意的是后面的分句中的although。在由兩個分句組成的句子中，although如果出現(xiàn)在后面的分句的句首，則其不是表示讓步，而是一種委婉地表示轉(zhuǎn)折的語氣，相當(dāng)于but.
意群訓(xùn)練：calculations of the density of alloys based on bernal-type models of the alloys metal component agreed fairly well with the experimentally determined values from measurements on alloys consisting of a noble metal together with a metalloid，such as alloys of palladium and silicon，or alloys consisting of iron，phosphorus，and carbon，although small discrepancies remained.
118、and walzer advocates as the means of eliminating this tyranny and of restoring genuine equality “the abolition of the power of money outside its sphere”.（4）
而起，w倡議把“在金錢的圈子之外廢除金錢的力量”作為消除這種*并且重新獲得真正的平等的方法。
難句類型：倒裝
解釋：本句是典型的倒裝，本句的正常語序應(yīng)該是：and walzer advocates “the abolition of the power of money outside its sphere” as the means of eliminating this tyranny and of restoring genuine equality/,而句中則把advocates的賓語”the abolition of the poer of money outside its sphere”倒裝到了句末。
意群訓(xùn)練：and walzer advocates as the means of eliminating this tyranny and of restoring genuine equality “the abolition of the power of money outside its sphere”.
119、it is now established that the milky way is far more extended and of much greater mass than was hitherto thought.
現(xiàn)在，這已成為一個不爭的事實：銀河系要比迄今為止所想象的要來得遠(yuǎn)為浩瀚廣闊，并具有遠(yuǎn)高得多的質(zhì)量。（原書無此句）
120、is it not tyrannical, in pascal’s sense, to insist that those who excel in “sensitivity” or “the ability to express compassion” merit equal wealth with those who excel in qualities (such as “the capacity for hard work”) essential in producing wealth? （5）
按照p的觀點，堅持那些在“敏感性”或“表達同情心的能力”上突出的人應(yīng)該與那些在對賺錢很重要的能力（比如“刻苦工作的能力”）上突出的人得到同樣的財富，難道這種做法就不是*么？
難句類型：復(fù)雜修飾、插入語
解釋：句首的it是形式主語，其真正的內(nèi)容在不定式中，insist引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中的謂語merit是句子的中心難點。因為我們通常只知道m(xù)erit的名詞詞義，并不知道它也可以被用作動詞，所以此處不容易看懂。其動詞的意思是:應(yīng)該得到……，值得….，英文釋義為to deserve, be worthy of。另外，句子作為一個疑問句，卻結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，冗長不堪，也是本句難以讀懂的一個重要原因。
意群訓(xùn)練：is it not tyrannical, in pascal’s sense, to insist that those who excel in “sensitivity” or “the ability to express compassion” merit equal wealth with those who excel in qualities (such as “the capacity for hard work”) essential in producing wealth?