一、因果法
因果法是用來解釋“為什么”的問題。我們可以根據(jù)一個結(jié)果去推導其原因，要以事實和證據(jù)為根據(jù)，前后過程要合乎邏輯和常理。例如：“你為什么考研”?Why do you choose to take the postgraduate exams?There are several reasons why i took the postgraduate exams.Firstly, I have been deeply impressed by the atmosphere here. The second reason is I want to be a social worker. Thirdly, I think further study is still urgent for me.
常用因果聯(lián)系詞: because of, because, since, seeing that, the reason why, on account of, due to, thus, hence, therefore, accordingly, consequently, so that, as a result of, in consequence of, result from, lead to, so... as to, owing to, to have an effect on, for the reason, in this way, thanks to等。
二、定義法
定義法可以用來闡述“是什么”的問題，即用一段話來解釋說明某個抽象的概念或具體事物的性質(zhì)、特征、用途、原理等。例如：What is honesty? 我們可以用如下形式來展開論述：Honesty means telling the truth and being fair and upright in action. It is a good virtue. One who cheats is dishonest. Those who gain fortunes not by hard labor, but by other means are dishonest.
常用關(guān)聯(lián)詞匯: what is..., to be defined as, the definition of ... is, to be used to describe, this means, be explained, state that, in other words, namely等。
三、例證法
例證是為了證明主題而存在的。當主題為理論性或概述的論點時，就需要通過舉例或例證來加以支持，以說服聽者，同時要注意邏輯嚴密。例如：In many countries, cigarette is restricted in many ways. For example, in Britain, cigarettes are not allowed to be advertised on TV or radio.
例證常用的關(guān)聯(lián)詞: for example, for instance, for one thing, for another, to illustrate, one example is, first, second, furthermore, besides, in addition, moreover, finally,a case in point, as an illustration, incidentally, namely等。
因果法是用來解釋“為什么”的問題。我們可以根據(jù)一個結(jié)果去推導其原因，要以事實和證據(jù)為根據(jù)，前后過程要合乎邏輯和常理。例如：“你為什么考研”?Why do you choose to take the postgraduate exams?There are several reasons why i took the postgraduate exams.Firstly, I have been deeply impressed by the atmosphere here. The second reason is I want to be a social worker. Thirdly, I think further study is still urgent for me.
常用因果聯(lián)系詞: because of, because, since, seeing that, the reason why, on account of, due to, thus, hence, therefore, accordingly, consequently, so that, as a result of, in consequence of, result from, lead to, so... as to, owing to, to have an effect on, for the reason, in this way, thanks to等。
二、定義法
定義法可以用來闡述“是什么”的問題，即用一段話來解釋說明某個抽象的概念或具體事物的性質(zhì)、特征、用途、原理等。例如：What is honesty? 我們可以用如下形式來展開論述：Honesty means telling the truth and being fair and upright in action. It is a good virtue. One who cheats is dishonest. Those who gain fortunes not by hard labor, but by other means are dishonest.
常用關(guān)聯(lián)詞匯: what is..., to be defined as, the definition of ... is, to be used to describe, this means, be explained, state that, in other words, namely等。
三、例證法
例證是為了證明主題而存在的。當主題為理論性或概述的論點時，就需要通過舉例或例證來加以支持，以說服聽者，同時要注意邏輯嚴密。例如：In many countries, cigarette is restricted in many ways. For example, in Britain, cigarettes are not allowed to be advertised on TV or radio.
例證常用的關(guān)聯(lián)詞: for example, for instance, for one thing, for another, to illustrate, one example is, first, second, furthermore, besides, in addition, moreover, finally,a case in point, as an illustration, incidentally, namely等。