新概念英語第二冊自學(xué)導(dǎo)讀Lesson 41

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    Lesson 41 自學(xué)導(dǎo)讀First things first
    課文詳注 Further notes on the text
    1.Do you call that a hat? (標(biāo)題)你把那個叫帽子嗎?
    Do you call that +(冠詞)+名詞這個結(jié)構(gòu)可以表達(dá)一種輕蔑的含義:
    Do you call that a house/a dog?
    你把那個叫房子/狗嗎?
    2.I sat down on one of those modern chairs with holes in it…我坐在一個新式的滿是網(wǎng)眼兒的椅子上……
    those在此處表示一種看不慣、不滿的意味,如果換成the,則沒有這種意味。
    3.I regretted saying it almost at once. 我馬上又后悔說了這話。
    regret +動名詞/名詞/that從句通常表示為做過的某件事感到后悔、懊悔:
    I now regret leaving my country/ that I have left my country.
    我現(xiàn)在后悔離開了自己的祖國。
    He regretted having been rude to her.
    他后悔自己對她無禮。
    Did he regret his mistake?
    他為自己的錯誤感到后悔了嗎?
    regret +不定式表示對現(xiàn)在或?qū)硪龅氖赂械綄Σ黄?、遺憾,比 be sorry +不定式要正式:
    We regret to tell you that you are not welcome.
    我們很遺憾地告訴您,您不受歡迎。
    4.I find it beautiful. 我覺得它好看。
    動詞find經(jīng)常用于動詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語這種結(jié)構(gòu):
    You'll find it difficult/easy to make conversation with her.
    你將會發(fā)現(xiàn)與她聊天很困難/容易。( it代指后面的不定式短語)
    I find this book very interesting.
    我覺得這本書很有趣。
    5.A man can never have too many ties. 男人有多少領(lǐng)帶也不會嫌多。
    cannot/can never…too…(固定結(jié)構(gòu))表示“無論怎么……也不會過分”:
    A woman can't have too many hats.
    女人有多少帽子也不嫌多。
    You can't be too careful in doing your work.
    你工作越小心越好。
    語法 Grammar in use
    must, have(got) to與need
    在第17課的語法中,我們學(xué)習(xí)了情態(tài)助動詞must和have(got)to 的一些用法,知道它們可以表達(dá)“必須”、“不得不”等含義,must還可用于表示推測。在表達(dá)“必要”、“不必要”等含義時,除了可用must和 have(got)to以外,還可以用need。need只有情態(tài)助動詞的部分特征,僅用于某些疑問句和否定句。need用于疑問句時,問者往往希望得到 否定的回答:
    Need you leave so soon?
    你有必要這么早就走嗎?(希望不必)用need的一般疑問句的肯定形式的回答可以用 must/had to,否定形式的回答可以用 needn't:
    Need I type this letter again?
    這封信需要我再打一遍嗎?
    Yes,you must.
    是的,你必須再打一遍。
    No,you needn't.
    不,你不必了。
    need一般情況下作完全動詞:
    I need to go to the dentist this morning.
    今天上午我需要去看牙。
    表示必要時,must的語氣比need要強(qiáng):
    I must go to the dentist this morning.
    今天上午我必須去看牙。
    用 must的一般疑問句可以用 must/have to或 needn't來回答,而不用 mustn't:
    Must I set off now?
    我現(xiàn)在必須出發(fā)嗎?
    Yes,you must / have to.
    是的,你現(xiàn)在必須/得出發(fā)。
    No,you needn't.
    不,你不必。
    “不必要”可用 needn't, don't have to來表示:
    You needn't/don't have to work such long hours.
    你不必工作那么長時間。
    這種句型可用來表示說話人讓對方選擇或允許對方可以不做某事的主觀意圖。它的完成式和過去式分別為 needn't have, didn't have to和 didn't need to:
    I needn't have gone to the office yesterday.
    I didn't have to/didn't need to go to the office yesterday.
    昨天我沒必要去辦公室。(言下之意是雖然我去了但這是不必要的)
    mustn't表示絕對禁止。在說話人看來,根本沒有選擇余地:
    You mustn't use that bicycle,It's broken.
    你不能騎那輛自行車。它壞了。
    You needn't have told me that.I know it is.
    你沒必要告訴我。我知道它壞了。
    試體會下列例句中“必要”、“不必要”的表達(dá)方法:
    Why don't you buy a coat?
    你為什么不買件外衣呢?
    I'd like to buy one,but I don't really need any.
    我想買一件,但我真的并不需要。
    詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study
    1.remind vt.
    (1)提醒:
    Remind me to post that letter.
    提醒我把那封信寄了。
    I needn't remind you of that terrible tie you bought yesterday.
    我不必提醒你昨天買的那條糟糕透了的領(lǐng)帶。
    He reminded his wife that they needed to buy some coffee and sugar.
    他提醒妻子他們需要買些咖啡和糖。
    (2)使……想起:
    The smell of cabbage reminds me of school.
    卷心菜的氣味使我想起了學(xué)校。
    She reminds me of her sister.
    她使我想起了她的姐姐/妹妹。
    2.remark,observe與 notice
    (1)remark與 observe都可以表示“說”、“評論說”,它們比say要正式:
    ‘You're looking very well!’She remarked/observed.
    “您的氣色看上去真好!”她說。
    He remarked/observed that it was too hot in the room.
    他說屋里太熱了。
    (2)notice和observe都可以表示“注意到”、“察覺到”,但有一定區(qū)別。notice 通常指無意中“察覺到”;observe 則可以指有意觀察,比notice更正式:
    I've noticed/ observed that he telephones her oftener than before.
    我發(fā)現(xiàn)/注意到他現(xiàn)在給她打電話比以前次數(shù)多了。
    She observed the picture critically for a moment.
    她用挑剔的目光看了一會兒那幅畫。
    I didn't notice his leaving.
    他走的時候我沒注意到。