1、 特殊的單復數(單數→復數)
a→ae aortae-aortae[主動脈]
pleura-pleurae[胸膜]
us→i coccus-cocci[球菌]
bacillus-bacilli[桿菌]
um→a serum-sera[血清]
bacterium-bactera[細菌]
on→a phenomenon-phenomena[現象]
criterion-criteria[標準]
x→ces cortex-cortices[皮質]
appendix-appendices[闌尾]
thorax-thoraces[胸廓]
x→ges pharynx-pharynges[咽]
larynx-larynges[喉]
is→es crisis-crises[危象]
analysis-analyses[分析]
ma→mata trauma-traumata[創(chuàng)傷]
hemotoma-hemotomata[血腫]
men→mina lumen-lumina[腔]
abdomen-abdomina[腹]
2、字母可互通使用
ae-e haemorrhage-hemorrhage[出血]
aetiology-etiology[病因]
oe-e oedema-edema[水腫]
oesophagus-esophagus[食管]
ou-u oulitis-ulitis[牙齦炎]
ouroscopy-uroscopy[尿檢]
ph-f sulphate-sulfate[硫酸鹽]
sulphonamide-sulfonamide[磺胺]
k-c EKG-ECG[心電圖]
leukocyte-leucocyte[白細胞]
Katabolism-catabolism[分解代謝]
y-i syrup-sirup[糖漿]
3、英美的不同拼寫形式(英-美)
our(英)-or(美) colour-color[顏色]
tumour-tumor[腫瘤]
re-er centre-center[中心]
metre-meter[米]
yes-yze analyse-analyze[分析]
paralyse-paralyze[癱瘓]
xion-ction connexion-connection[連接]
reflexion-reflection[反射]
mme-m gramme-gram[克]
ogue-og dialogue-dialog[對話]
catalogue-catalog[目錄]
c-k disc-disk[軟盤]
sceptic-skeptic[懷疑論者]
4、詞根交替現象
mouth[口]-oral[口的]
tooth[牙齒]-dental[牙齒的]
tongue[舌]-lingual[舌的]
ear[耳]-aural[耳的]
nose[鼻]-nasal[鼻的]
eye[眼]-ophthalmic[眼的]
skin[皮膚]-dermal[皮膚的]
heart [心]-cardiac[心臟的]
liver[肝]-hepatic[肝的]
stomach[胃]-gastric[胃的]
lung[肺]-pulmonary[肺的]
kideny[腎]-renal[腎的]
neck[頸]-cervical[頸的]
chest[胸]-thoracic[胸的]
brain[腦]-cerebral[腦的]
nerve[神經]-neural[神經的]
rib[肋骨]-costal[肋骨的]
mother[母]-maternal[母親的]
heat[熱]-thermal[熱的]
bone[骨]-bony[骨的]
virus[病毒]-viral[病毒的]
saliva[唾液]-salivary[唾液的]
respiration[呼吸]-respiratory[呼吸的]
joint[關節(jié)]-arthritis[關節(jié)炎]
kidney[腎]-nephritis[腎炎]
nerve[神經]-neuritis[神經炎]
lioer[肝]-hepatitis[肝炎]
brain[腦]-encephalitis[腦炎]
stomache[胃]-gastritis[胃炎]
artery[動脈]-arteritis[動脈炎]
bronchus[支氣管]-bronchitis[支氣管炎]
heart[心]-cardiology[心臟病學]
eye[眼]-ophthalmology[眼科學]
cell[細胞]-cytology[細胞學]
tumor[腫瘤]-oncology[腫瘤學]
disease[病]-pathology[病理學]
drug[藥]-pharmocology[藥理學]
parasite[寄生蟲]-parasitology[寄生蟲學]
bacterium[細菌]-bacteriology[細菌學]
cell[細胸]-cyto-[細胞]
blood[血]-hemo-[血]
5、常用拉丁短語
ad arbitrium[隨意地]
ad decubitum[臨睡時]
ad effectum[直至有效]
ad interim[暫時]
ad libitum（ad lib）[醫(yī)學教.育網搜集隨意]
ad usum externum[外用]
ad usum internum[內服]
ante caenam[晚飯前]
ante cibum[飯前]
ante horam decubitus[睡前]
ante jentaculum[早飯前]
ante meridiem(A.M)[上午]
bis in die(B.i.d)[每天二次]
curriculum vitae (C.V)[簡歷]
et al (et alia)[等等]
exmpli gratia (e.g)[例如]
id est (i.e)[即]
in brevi[簡言之]
in situ[原位]
in vitro[體外]
in vivo[體內]
locus in quo[現象]
note bene(N.B)[注意]
per annum[每年]
per centum (percent)[百分之……]
per diem[每日]
per mensem[每月]
per os (p.o)[經口]
per rectum[經直腸]
post meridiem （P.M）[下午]
post mortem[死后]
post partum[產后]
post scriptum(P.S)[附言]
pro dosi[一次量]
pro et contra (pro et con)[贊成和反對]
pro re nata (p.r.n)[必要時]
quaque die (q.d)[每天一次]
quaque nocte (q.n)[每晚一次]
quaque quarta hora(q.4h)[每4小時1次]
quaque secundo die(q.o.d)[每二天一次]
ter in die (t.i.d)[每天三次]
ut infra[如下所述]
ut supra[如上所述]
vice versa[反之亦然]
vide infra[參見下文]
vide supra[參見前文]
a→ae aortae-aortae[主動脈]
pleura-pleurae[胸膜]
us→i coccus-cocci[球菌]
bacillus-bacilli[桿菌]
um→a serum-sera[血清]
bacterium-bactera[細菌]
on→a phenomenon-phenomena[現象]
criterion-criteria[標準]
x→ces cortex-cortices[皮質]
appendix-appendices[闌尾]
thorax-thoraces[胸廓]
x→ges pharynx-pharynges[咽]
larynx-larynges[喉]
is→es crisis-crises[危象]
analysis-analyses[分析]
ma→mata trauma-traumata[創(chuàng)傷]
hemotoma-hemotomata[血腫]
men→mina lumen-lumina[腔]
abdomen-abdomina[腹]
2、字母可互通使用
ae-e haemorrhage-hemorrhage[出血]
aetiology-etiology[病因]
oe-e oedema-edema[水腫]
oesophagus-esophagus[食管]
ou-u oulitis-ulitis[牙齦炎]
ouroscopy-uroscopy[尿檢]
ph-f sulphate-sulfate[硫酸鹽]
sulphonamide-sulfonamide[磺胺]
k-c EKG-ECG[心電圖]
leukocyte-leucocyte[白細胞]
Katabolism-catabolism[分解代謝]
y-i syrup-sirup[糖漿]
3、英美的不同拼寫形式(英-美)
our(英)-or(美) colour-color[顏色]
tumour-tumor[腫瘤]
re-er centre-center[中心]
metre-meter[米]
yes-yze analyse-analyze[分析]
paralyse-paralyze[癱瘓]
xion-ction connexion-connection[連接]
reflexion-reflection[反射]
mme-m gramme-gram[克]
ogue-og dialogue-dialog[對話]
catalogue-catalog[目錄]
c-k disc-disk[軟盤]
sceptic-skeptic[懷疑論者]
4、詞根交替現象
mouth[口]-oral[口的]
tooth[牙齒]-dental[牙齒的]
tongue[舌]-lingual[舌的]
ear[耳]-aural[耳的]
nose[鼻]-nasal[鼻的]
eye[眼]-ophthalmic[眼的]
skin[皮膚]-dermal[皮膚的]
heart [心]-cardiac[心臟的]
liver[肝]-hepatic[肝的]
stomach[胃]-gastric[胃的]
lung[肺]-pulmonary[肺的]
kideny[腎]-renal[腎的]
neck[頸]-cervical[頸的]
chest[胸]-thoracic[胸的]
brain[腦]-cerebral[腦的]
nerve[神經]-neural[神經的]
rib[肋骨]-costal[肋骨的]
mother[母]-maternal[母親的]
heat[熱]-thermal[熱的]
bone[骨]-bony[骨的]
virus[病毒]-viral[病毒的]
saliva[唾液]-salivary[唾液的]
respiration[呼吸]-respiratory[呼吸的]
joint[關節(jié)]-arthritis[關節(jié)炎]
kidney[腎]-nephritis[腎炎]
nerve[神經]-neuritis[神經炎]
lioer[肝]-hepatitis[肝炎]
brain[腦]-encephalitis[腦炎]
stomache[胃]-gastritis[胃炎]
artery[動脈]-arteritis[動脈炎]
bronchus[支氣管]-bronchitis[支氣管炎]
heart[心]-cardiology[心臟病學]
eye[眼]-ophthalmology[眼科學]
cell[細胞]-cytology[細胞學]
tumor[腫瘤]-oncology[腫瘤學]
disease[病]-pathology[病理學]
drug[藥]-pharmocology[藥理學]
parasite[寄生蟲]-parasitology[寄生蟲學]
bacterium[細菌]-bacteriology[細菌學]
cell[細胸]-cyto-[細胞]
blood[血]-hemo-[血]
5、常用拉丁短語
ad arbitrium[隨意地]
ad decubitum[臨睡時]
ad effectum[直至有效]
ad interim[暫時]
ad libitum（ad lib）[醫(yī)學教.育網搜集隨意]
ad usum externum[外用]
ad usum internum[內服]
ante caenam[晚飯前]
ante cibum[飯前]
ante horam decubitus[睡前]
ante jentaculum[早飯前]
ante meridiem(A.M)[上午]
bis in die(B.i.d)[每天二次]
curriculum vitae (C.V)[簡歷]
et al (et alia)[等等]
exmpli gratia (e.g)[例如]
id est (i.e)[即]
in brevi[簡言之]
in situ[原位]
in vitro[體外]
in vivo[體內]
locus in quo[現象]
note bene(N.B)[注意]
per annum[每年]
per centum (percent)[百分之……]
per diem[每日]
per mensem[每月]
per os (p.o)[經口]
per rectum[經直腸]
post meridiem （P.M）[下午]
post mortem[死后]
post partum[產后]
post scriptum(P.S)[附言]
pro dosi[一次量]
pro et contra (pro et con)[贊成和反對]
pro re nata (p.r.n)[必要時]
quaque die (q.d)[每天一次]
quaque nocte (q.n)[每晚一次]
quaque quarta hora(q.4h)[每4小時1次]
quaque secundo die(q.o.d)[每二天一次]
ter in die (t.i.d)[每天三次]
ut infra[如下所述]
ut supra[如上所述]
vice versa[反之亦然]
vide infra[參見下文]
vide supra[參見前文]