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【新東方網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程】2017醫(yī)學(xué)考博英語統(tǒng)考全程班??！點(diǎn)擊免費(fèi)試聽<<<
一、肺 Lung
清晰 clear
肺門陰影增大 enlargement of hilar shadows
肺紋理增粗 increase of lung markings
鈣化灶 calcified
空洞 cavitation
球形病灶 circular lesion (coin lesion)
小塊陰影區(qū) a minimal area of density
散狀的點(diǎn)(片)狀陰影 scattered spot (plaque-like) shadows
邊界不清的片狀陰影 a poorly defined patchy density
圓形致密影 a round density
胸膜增厚 pleural thickening
肋膈角模糊(變鈍、消失)haziness (blunting, obliteration) of the costophrenic angle
橫膈抬高、活動(dòng)受限 elevation of diaphragm with limitation of movement
包裹性胸腔積液 encapsulated pleural effusion
液氣胸 hydropneumothorax
縱膈移位 mediastinal displacement
肺門模糊 hilar haze
肺門密度增高 increase of pulmonary hilar density
肺淤血(栓塞) pulmonary venous stasis (infarction)
陰影性狀 shadow
淡的 haziness
云霧狀 clouding
線裝 streaky
絮狀 patcky
結(jié)節(jié)狀 nodular
塊狀 massive
粟粒狀 miliary
融合狀 confluent
均勻的 homogeneous
二、心臟 Heart
左(右)房(室)增大 left (right) atrial (ventricular) enlargement
主動(dòng)脈屈曲延長(zhǎng) a tortuous and prolonged aorta
主動(dòng)脈型(二尖瓣型)心臟 “aortic type”(“mitral valve”) heart
肺動(dòng)脈段突出 bulging pulmonary artery segment
肺動(dòng)脈擴(kuò)張 a dilatation of the pulmonary artery
心影普遍增大 general enlargement of the heart shadow
左(右)心室增大 left(right) ventricular enlargement
左(右)心房增大 left(right) atrial dilatation
靴形心臟 boot-shaped heart
主動(dòng)脈鈣化 calcification of aorta
心腰部 waist of heart
垂位(狹長(zhǎng)形;無力形;橫位;斜位)心 vertical (slender; asthenic; horizontal; oblique) heart
三、腹部平片 KUB film
結(jié)石 calculus
鈣化影 calcified shadow
階梯型液平 fluid levels with stepladder pattern
液氣平面 gas-fluid level
膈下游離氣體 subphrenic free air
四、胃腸道鋇劑檢查 barium enema examination
胃腸造影 gastroenterography
雙重對(duì)比造影 double contrast radiography
食管蠕動(dòng)征 esophageal peristalsis sign
十二指腸曲(壓跡)duodenal flexure(impression)
小腸黏膜皺襞影 mucosal fold shadow of small intestine
結(jié)腸蠕動(dòng)與排空征 peristalsis and empting signs of colon
胃排空時(shí)間延長(zhǎng) delayed gastric emptying time
胃空腹潴留液 fasting retention of stomach
充盈缺損 filling defect
黏膜皺襞消失 disappearance of the mucosal folds
張力減低(增高)hypotonicity (hypertonicity)
球部激惹現(xiàn)象 irritable cap
蠕動(dòng)增強(qiáng) vigorous peristaltic activity (hyperperistalsis)
蠕動(dòng)減弱 bradydiastalsis
蠕動(dòng)消失 aperistalsis
排空加快(減緩) accelerated(reduced) evacuation
跳躍現(xiàn)象 skipping phenomenon
黏膜增寬和迂曲 broadened and tortuous mucosal fold
黏膜皺襞平坦 flat mucosal fold
五、膽道 bile tract
口服膽囊造影 oral cholecystography
靜脈膽管膽囊造影 intravenous cholecysto-cholangiography
經(jīng)T形管膽囊造影 trans-T-tube cholecystography
經(jīng)皮肝穿刺膽管造影 percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC)
膽總管擴(kuò)張dilated common duct
膽囊濃縮功能良好 gallbladder concentrated satisfactorily
膽囊顯影不好，濃縮功能差 gallbladder with faint shadow, concentrated inadequately
收縮功能 contractibility
六、骨骼skeleton
骨皮質(zhì)增厚 cortical thickening of bone
洋蔥皮樣改變 “onion skin” appearance
骨膜反應(yīng) periosteal reaction
骨質(zhì)疏松 osteoporosis (rarefaction)
骨化 ossification
畸形 deformity
縮短 shortening
移位 displacement
脫位 luxation
半脫位 subluxation
連接不正 malunion
青枝骨折 greenstick fracture
多發(fā)性骨折 multiple fracture
病理性骨折 pathological fracture
關(guān)節(jié)間隙 joint space
椎間隙 intervertebral space
肋軟骨鈣化影 calcification shadow of costal cartilage
骨質(zhì)軟化osteomalacia (osteomalacosis)
骨質(zhì)增生硬化 hyperostosis osteosclerosis
死骨 sequestrum
骨質(zhì)壞死 bone necrosis
關(guān)節(jié)腫脹(破壞;退行)swelling (destruction; degeneration) of joint
關(guān)節(jié)強(qiáng)直 ankyloses
骨骺分離 epiphyseal separation
對(duì)線良好 good alignment
對(duì)位良好 good apposition
七、泌尿系統(tǒng) urological system
靜脈腎盂造影 intravenous pyelography (IVP)
逆行腎盂造影 retrograde pyelography
萎縮 atrophy
移位 deformity
扭曲 distortion
充盈缺損 filling defect
狹窄 stricture
不透光的(透光的)結(jié)石 opaque(translucent) stone
八、X線檢查位置
前后位 anteroposterior projection
后前位 postero-anterior(PA) projection
側(cè)位 lateral projection
立位 upright position
斜位 oblique projection
右(左)前斜位 right(left) anterior oblique(RAO/LAO) projection
前后斜位 anteroposterior oblique projection
前凸位 lordotic position projection
軸位 axial position
頭位 cranial projection
尾位 caudal projection