2017年職稱英語(yǔ)考試衛(wèi)生類A級(jí)備考語(yǔ)法資料(3)

字號(hào):

[B] 及物動(dòng)詞+疑問(wèn)詞+不定式:
    謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(vt.) 
    +wh-疑問(wèn)詞+不定式(作賓語(yǔ)) 
    [說(shuō)明] 
    tell(告訴)/show(顯示)/know(知道)/ask(問(wèn))/findout(發(fā)現(xiàn))/understand(明白)/wonder(疑惑)/learn(學(xué)會(huì))/forget(忘記)/remember(記得)/teachsb.(教某人)/discuss(商討) 
    what
    where
    +how+to(do)
    who
    which
    …… 
    不定式疑問(wèn)形式還可以作句子的主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等?!?BR>    如:He does not know which one to take.(他不知道該選哪個(gè))/Tell me how to get to the station.(告訴我怎么樣去火車站)/She asked me what to do for today's homework.(她問(wèn)我今天家庭作業(yè)做什么)/Can you teach me how to search the internet?(你能教我怎樣上網(wǎng)嗎?)
    [C] 不定式作賓語(yǔ)而后面又有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí),通常用it代替作形式賓語(yǔ),而不定式則后置。如:I found it not very easy to learn to ride a bike.(我發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)騎車不很容易)
    動(dòng)詞不定式可以在句子中用作定語(yǔ),放在名詞或代詞后面。
    [A] 記住下面的一些結(jié)構(gòu):
    被修飾部分+不定式(作后置定語(yǔ)) 
    漢語(yǔ)意思 
    akey 
    tolockthedoor 
    鎖門的鑰匙 
    abox 
    toholdthesethings 
    裝這些東西的箱子 
    giveherabook 
    toread 
    給她一本書讀 
    Isthereany(+名詞/代詞) 
    to(do)? 
    有…要(做的)嗎? 
    It’stime 
    togo. 
    是走的時(shí)間了。/該走了?!?BR>    Doyouhaveanywork 
    todo? 
    你有工作要做嗎? 
    I’dlikesomething 
    toeat. 
    我要點(diǎn)兒吃的?!?BR>    Ihavenothing 
    tosay. 
    我沒(méi)有話要說(shuō)?!?BR>    Wouldyoulikesomething 
    todrink? 
    你要點(diǎn)兒喝的嗎? 
    [B] 在這種情況下,如果不定式動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞,則后面必須加介詞。如:
    They could not find a place to live in.(他們找不到住的地方)/Please give me a chair to sit on.(請(qǐng)給我一張椅子坐)/He has got a writing brush to write with.(他找到了寫字的毛筆)