課文詳注 Further notes on the text
1．Where do you think you are?你認(rèn)為你現(xiàn)在是在哪兒？
do you think 是用在特殊疑問句中的插入語(yǔ)，用來(lái)征詢見解或表達(dá)看法。因?yàn)榫渲胁迦胝Z(yǔ)已經(jīng)是疑問式，主謂倒裝了，所以you are的位置不能再對(duì)調(diào)了。插入語(yǔ)一般是對(duì)句子加一些附加的解釋，在句子中作獨(dú)立成分。常用來(lái)作插入語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)有I hope, I think, I'm afraid, you know等。插入語(yǔ)可以位于句尾或句中，有時(shí)也可出現(xiàn)在疑問句中。
2．must have been doing sth.,一定/準(zhǔn)是在做某事。
這種結(jié)構(gòu)用來(lái)表示對(duì)過去正進(jìn)行的事情的推測(cè)。下文中的can't have been是 can't have been driving的省略式，在意思上與must have been driving正相反。
3．That's why I didn't see the sign.所以我才沒看見那牌子。
why I didn't see the sign作is的表語(yǔ)從句，以why引導(dǎo)的從句用來(lái)解釋事情的原因。
4．…you'd better take my advice!……你好還是聽從我的勸告吧！
take one's advice是“聽從勸告”的意思。
語(yǔ)法 Grammar in use
表示猜測(cè)和推斷的情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞must和can't（2）
must與can't不僅能表達(dá)對(duì)現(xiàn)在和將來(lái)的猜測(cè)和推斷，而且能表達(dá)對(duì)過去的猜測(cè)和推斷——這時(shí)可用 must have been表示肯定的推斷，用can't have been（而不是mustn't have been）來(lái)表示否定的推斷，如后面跟進(jìn)行時(shí)則表示對(duì)過去正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作的猜測(cè)。請(qǐng)看例句：
You must have been driving at seventy miles an hour.
你當(dāng)時(shí)肯定正以每小時(shí)70英里的速度行駛。
I didn't see it. I must have been dreaming.
我沒看見。我當(dāng)時(shí)一定是在胡思亂想吧。
She can't have been 29.She must have been 36.
她那時(shí)肯定不會(huì)是29歲，她一定36歲了。
He can't have been reading. He must have been sleeping.
他那時(shí)肯定不是在看書，他準(zhǔn)是在睡覺。
詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study
1．charge v.
（1）罰款；使承受經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)：
He was charged by the policeman for speeding.
他因開車超速而被警察罰款。
（2）要（價(jià)）；收（費(fèi)）：
The hotel charged them ￡ 900 for one night.
飯店向他們索要900英鎊作為住一晚的費(fèi)用。
（3）指控；指責(zé)：
They charged him with murder.
他們指控他犯了謀殺罪。
2．dream v.
（1）做夢(mèng)；夢(mèng)見：
He dreamt about his grandmother last night.
他昨天夜里夢(mèng)見他的祖母了。
Do you often dream at night?
你晚上經(jīng)常做夢(mèng)嗎？
（2）夢(mèng)想；幻想：
She dreamed that one day she would be as free as a bird
她幻想著有一天自己能像鳥兒那般自由。
I once dreamed of becoming a famous doctor.
我曾一度夢(mèng)想著成為一位的醫(yī)生。
（3）出神；心不在焉；空想：
Don't dream away your life!
不要在想入非非中虛度你的人生。
Sorry, I didn't see the sign. I must have been dream ing.
對(duì)不起，我沒看見那牌子。我一定是思想開小差了。
3．wave v.
（1）招手；揮手示意：
He waved us quiet.
他揮手要我們別出聲。
She waved me goodbye.
她向我揮手告別。
（2）起伏；飄動(dòng)：
The flag is waving in the wind.
旗幟正在風(fēng)中飄揚(yáng)。
She was attracted by the waving sea.
她被那洶涌起伏的大海吸引。
練習(xí)答案 Key to written exercises
Lesson 130
A
1 He didn't come to work yesterday. He must have been ill.
2 He didn't come to the office this morning. He had to stay a home.
3 I don't think she was Austrian. She must have been German.
4 I lost my pen so I had to buy a new one.
5 He forgot his case so he had to return home.
6 She didn't hear the phone. She must have been sleeping.
B
1 I don't think they were. They can't have been Canadian.
They must have been Australian.
2 I don't think she was. She can't have been Finnish.
She must have been Russian.
3 I don't think they were. They can't have been Japanese.
They must have been Chinese.
4 I don't think they were. They can't have been butchers.
They must have been bakers.
5 I don't think she was. She can't have been a dentist.
She must have been a doctor.
6 I don't think he was. He can't have been a sales rep.
He must have been the boss.
7 I don't think she was. She can't have been seventeen.
She must have been twenty-one.
8 I don't think they were. They can't have been five.
They must have been seven.
9 I don't think he was. He can't have been seventy-six.
He must have been over eighty.
10 I don't think she was. She can't have been fifty-five.
She must have been under fifty.
11 I don't think it was. It can't have been the 17th yesterday.
It must have been the 16th yesterday.
12 I don't think it was. It can't have been Tuesday yesterday.
It must have been Wednesday yesterday.
13 I don't think it was. It can't have been the 19th yesterday.
It must have been the 20th yesterday.
14 I don't think it was. It can't have been cheap.
It must have been expensive.
15 I don't think it was. It can't have been easy.
It must have been difficult.
16 I don't think she was. She can't have been old.
She must have been young.
17 I don't think he was. He can't have been ill.
He must have been tired.
18 I don't think they were. They can't have been listening to the radio.
They must have been watching television.
19 I don't think she was. She can't have been retiring.
She must have been looking for a new job.
20 I don't think they were. They can't have been sitting.
They must have been standing.
1．Where do you think you are?你認(rèn)為你現(xiàn)在是在哪兒？
do you think 是用在特殊疑問句中的插入語(yǔ)，用來(lái)征詢見解或表達(dá)看法。因?yàn)榫渲胁迦胝Z(yǔ)已經(jīng)是疑問式，主謂倒裝了，所以you are的位置不能再對(duì)調(diào)了。插入語(yǔ)一般是對(duì)句子加一些附加的解釋，在句子中作獨(dú)立成分。常用來(lái)作插入語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)有I hope, I think, I'm afraid, you know等。插入語(yǔ)可以位于句尾或句中，有時(shí)也可出現(xiàn)在疑問句中。
2．must have been doing sth.,一定/準(zhǔn)是在做某事。
這種結(jié)構(gòu)用來(lái)表示對(duì)過去正進(jìn)行的事情的推測(cè)。下文中的can't have been是 can't have been driving的省略式，在意思上與must have been driving正相反。
3．That's why I didn't see the sign.所以我才沒看見那牌子。
why I didn't see the sign作is的表語(yǔ)從句，以why引導(dǎo)的從句用來(lái)解釋事情的原因。
4．…you'd better take my advice!……你好還是聽從我的勸告吧！
take one's advice是“聽從勸告”的意思。
語(yǔ)法 Grammar in use
表示猜測(cè)和推斷的情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞must和can't（2）
must與can't不僅能表達(dá)對(duì)現(xiàn)在和將來(lái)的猜測(cè)和推斷，而且能表達(dá)對(duì)過去的猜測(cè)和推斷——這時(shí)可用 must have been表示肯定的推斷，用can't have been（而不是mustn't have been）來(lái)表示否定的推斷，如后面跟進(jìn)行時(shí)則表示對(duì)過去正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作的猜測(cè)。請(qǐng)看例句：
You must have been driving at seventy miles an hour.
你當(dāng)時(shí)肯定正以每小時(shí)70英里的速度行駛。
I didn't see it. I must have been dreaming.
我沒看見。我當(dāng)時(shí)一定是在胡思亂想吧。
She can't have been 29.She must have been 36.
她那時(shí)肯定不會(huì)是29歲，她一定36歲了。
He can't have been reading. He must have been sleeping.
他那時(shí)肯定不是在看書，他準(zhǔn)是在睡覺。
詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study
1．charge v.
（1）罰款；使承受經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)：
He was charged by the policeman for speeding.
他因開車超速而被警察罰款。
（2）要（價(jià)）；收（費(fèi)）：
The hotel charged them ￡ 900 for one night.
飯店向他們索要900英鎊作為住一晚的費(fèi)用。
（3）指控；指責(zé)：
They charged him with murder.
他們指控他犯了謀殺罪。
2．dream v.
（1）做夢(mèng)；夢(mèng)見：
He dreamt about his grandmother last night.
他昨天夜里夢(mèng)見他的祖母了。
Do you often dream at night?
你晚上經(jīng)常做夢(mèng)嗎？
（2）夢(mèng)想；幻想：
She dreamed that one day she would be as free as a bird
她幻想著有一天自己能像鳥兒那般自由。
I once dreamed of becoming a famous doctor.
我曾一度夢(mèng)想著成為一位的醫(yī)生。
（3）出神；心不在焉；空想：
Don't dream away your life!
不要在想入非非中虛度你的人生。
Sorry, I didn't see the sign. I must have been dream ing.
對(duì)不起，我沒看見那牌子。我一定是思想開小差了。
3．wave v.
（1）招手；揮手示意：
He waved us quiet.
他揮手要我們別出聲。
She waved me goodbye.
她向我揮手告別。
（2）起伏；飄動(dòng)：
The flag is waving in the wind.
旗幟正在風(fēng)中飄揚(yáng)。
She was attracted by the waving sea.
她被那洶涌起伏的大海吸引。
練習(xí)答案 Key to written exercises
Lesson 130
A
1 He didn't come to work yesterday. He must have been ill.
2 He didn't come to the office this morning. He had to stay a home.
3 I don't think she was Austrian. She must have been German.
4 I lost my pen so I had to buy a new one.
5 He forgot his case so he had to return home.
6 She didn't hear the phone. She must have been sleeping.
B
1 I don't think they were. They can't have been Canadian.
They must have been Australian.
2 I don't think she was. She can't have been Finnish.
She must have been Russian.
3 I don't think they were. They can't have been Japanese.
They must have been Chinese.
4 I don't think they were. They can't have been butchers.
They must have been bakers.
5 I don't think she was. She can't have been a dentist.
She must have been a doctor.
6 I don't think he was. He can't have been a sales rep.
He must have been the boss.
7 I don't think she was. She can't have been seventeen.
She must have been twenty-one.
8 I don't think they were. They can't have been five.
They must have been seven.
9 I don't think he was. He can't have been seventy-six.
He must have been over eighty.
10 I don't think she was. She can't have been fifty-five.
She must have been under fifty.
11 I don't think it was. It can't have been the 17th yesterday.
It must have been the 16th yesterday.
12 I don't think it was. It can't have been Tuesday yesterday.
It must have been Wednesday yesterday.
13 I don't think it was. It can't have been the 19th yesterday.
It must have been the 20th yesterday.
14 I don't think it was. It can't have been cheap.
It must have been expensive.
15 I don't think it was. It can't have been easy.
It must have been difficult.
16 I don't think she was. She can't have been old.
She must have been young.
17 I don't think he was. He can't have been ill.
He must have been tired.
18 I don't think they were. They can't have been listening to the radio.
They must have been watching television.
19 I don't think she was. She can't have been retiring.
She must have been looking for a new job.
20 I don't think they were. They can't have been sitting.
They must have been standing.