新概念英語第四冊自學(xué)導(dǎo)讀:第九課王室諜報活動(中)

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9-7. He noticed at once that discipline was slack: the Danes had the self-confidence of conquerors, and their security precautions were casual.
    【譯文】他立刻發(fā)現(xiàn)丹麥侵略軍紀(jì)律松懈:丹麥人以征服者自居,安全措施松弛。
    【講解】slack后的冒號引出說明解釋性內(nèi)容。
    【單詞和短語】
    slack:懈怠的,松懈的;疏忽的;馬虎的(not taking enough care or making enough effort to do things correctly),
    例如:
    slack supervision 監(jiān)督不嚴(yán)
    Security’s got a bit slack. 安全問題有些放松。
    9-8. They lived well, on the proceeds of raids on neighbouring regions.
    【譯文】他們靠襲擊附近地區(qū)、掠奪財(cái)物過著舒適的生活。
    【講解】句中的第一個on與live搭配使用,live on…意為“靠……生活”。因?yàn)閣ell與on…regions并列作狀語,所以用逗號隔開。句中的第二個on是與raid搭配在一起的,意為“襲擊”。
    【單詞和短語】
    proceeds:(從事某種活動或變賣財(cái)物等的)收入,收益(the money that is obtained from doing something or selling something),
    例如:
    The proceeds from the school play will be used to buy a new curtain.
    學(xué)校演劇的收入將用于購買一幅新的舞臺幕布。
    They are reaping proceeds when the cattle are sold.
    賣了那些牲口他們就可以獲得收益了。
    9-9. There they collected women as well as food and drink, and a life of ease had made them soft.
    【譯文】這些入侵者在那里不但搜刮吃喝,而且擄掠?jì)D女,這種安逸的生活令他們萎靡不振。
    【講解】句中as well as的側(cè)重點(diǎn)在它前面的women。在用“不但……而且……”或“……還……”翻譯as well as時,因?yàn)闈h語的側(cè)重點(diǎn)是在后面的“而且”、“還”,而作in addition to解的as well as的重點(diǎn)則在它前面的詞語,所以漢譯時必須顛倒原文as well as連接的前后詞語的次序。
    【單詞和短語】
    soft:輕松的;舒服的,舒適的(not very brave and not having a strong character)。
    9-10. Alfred stayed in the camp a week before he returned to Athelney.
    【譯文】阿爾弗雷德在敵營呆了一周后回到了阿塞爾納。
    9-11. The force there assembled was trivial compared with the Danish horde.
    【譯文】他集結(jié)在那里的軍隊(duì)和丹麥大軍相比微不足道。
    【講解】there assembled是過去分詞短語,作the force的定語,there指Athelney。compared with the Danish horde作狀語,修飾was trivial。
    【單詞和短語】
    trivial:瑣碎的;不重要的,無價值的(not serious, important, or valuable),
    例如:
    trivial matters 瑣事
    a trivial offence 小過失
    trivial formalities 繁文縟節(jié)
    put the trivial above the important 本末倒置
    consider sth. trivial 認(rèn)為某事無關(guān)緊要
    raise trivial objections 提出無關(guān)緊要的反對
    trivial的名詞形式為triviality。
    9-12. But Alfred had deduced that the Danes were no longer fit for prolonged battle: and that their commissariat had no organization, but depended on irregular raids.
    【譯文】然而,阿爾弗雷德推斷出丹麥人已不再適合持久戰(zhàn):他們的軍需供應(yīng)處于無組織狀態(tài),僅是靠臨時搶奪來維持。
    【講解】and that their commissariat…irregular raids作deduced的賓語。同時對the Danes were no longer fit for prolonged battle進(jìn)一步解說,所以battle后有冒號。depended前的but意為“僅僅,只有”。
    【單詞和短語】
    irregular:不規(guī)則的,無規(guī)律的;不合常規(guī)的;不穩(wěn)定的(not happening at times that are an equal distance from each other),
    例如:
    an irregular pattern 不規(guī)則軌跡
    an irregular heartbeat 不齊的心律
    be irregular in one’s attendance 不時缺席