Lesson 88 Trapped in a mine
【New words and expressions】（12）
trap v. 陷入，使陷于困境
surface n. 地面，表面
explosive n. (zhayao)
vibration n. 震動
collapse v. 坍塌
drill v. 鉆孔
capsule n. 容器
layer n. 層
beneath prep. 在......之下
lower v. 放下，降低
progress v. 進展，進行
smoothly adv. 順利地
★collapse v. 坍塌
① vi. 倒塌
If explosives are used, vibrations will cause the roof of the mine to collapse.
With no one to repair it, the old church collapsed long ago.
② vi.（因精疲力竭）倒下；（身體等）垮掉
After many years’ hard work, my mother’s health collapsed.
He had run more than forty miles. As soon as he was out of danger, he collapsed.
【Text】
Six men have been trapped in a mine for seventeen hours. If they are not brought to the surface soon they may lose their lives. However, rescue operations are proving difficult. If explosives are used, vibrations will cause the roof of the mine to collapse. Rescue workers are therefore drilling a hole on the north side of the mine. They intend to bring the men up in a special capsule. If there had not been a hard layer of rock beneath the soil, they would have completed the job in a few hours. As it is, they have been drilling for sixteen hours and they still have a long way to go. Meanwhile, a microphone, which was lowered into the mine two hours ago, has enabled the men to keep in touch with their closest relatives. Though they are running out of food and drink, the men are cheerful and confident that they will get out soon. They have been told that rescue operations are progressing smoothly. If they knew how difficult it was to drill through the hard rock, they would lose heart.
參考譯文
6個人被困在礦井里已有17個小時了。如果不把他們盡快救到地面上來，他們就有可能喪生。然而，事實證明營救工作非常困難。如果用(zhayao)爆破，震動會引起礦頂塌落。因此，營救人員在礦井的北側鉆了一個洞。他們準備用一種特制的容器把這6個人救上來。如果不是因為土壤下面有一層堅硬的巖石，他們的營救工作僅用幾個小時就可以完成了。實際情況是，他們已連續(xù)鉆了16個小時了，但離鉆透還早著呢。與此同時，兩個小時以前放下井去的一只麥克風使井下的人可以與其親屬保持聯(lián)系。雖然他們的食物和飲料都快消耗盡了，但這些人的心情很好，堅信他們很快就會出去。他們一直被告知營救工作進行得非常順利。如果他們知道了鉆透那堅硬的巖石有多么困難，他們會喪失信心的。
【課文講解】
1、However, rescue operations are proving difficult.
rescue operations 營救工作
prove vt. 證明是，結果是
What he had told us proved false.
2、Rescue workers are therefore drilling a hole on the north side of the mine.
therefore adv. 因此，所以（可獨立使用，也可位于動詞前）
The new flat is larger and therefore more expensive.
His parents gave him some money, and he was therefore able to buy a car.
so conj. 所以，因此（不能放在動詞前）
We arrived early, so we got good seats.
3、As it is, they have been drilling for sixteen hours and they still have a long way to go.
as it is =as it was 事實上，實際上
I thought they would help us. As it was, they just sat there and looked on.
I promised to return books yesterday. As it is, I won’t be able to do so until next Monday.
4、Meanwhile, a microphone, which was lowered into the mine two hours ago, has enabled the men to keep in touch with their closest relatives.
enable vt. 使……能夠
The hubble telescope will enable us to have a better understanding of the distant stars and galaxies.
前綴en-加在名詞或形容詞前可以使這個詞成為動詞，如endanger（危及，使遭受危險），enlarge（擴大，擴展，擴充），enslave（奴役，使成為奴隸），entrap（使……入陷阱/圈套，欺騙）
keep in touch with 與……保持聯(lián)系（可以用stay，get等其他動詞）
George is in close touch with Ian.
Can you get in touch with the company?
5、Though they are running out of food and drink, the men are cheerful and confident that they will get out soon.
run out of 用完，用盡
6、If they knew how difficult it was to drill through the hard rock, they would lose heart.
lose heart 失望，喪失信心/勇氣，泄氣，灰心
Seeing that the enemy was much stronger than themselves, the soldiers lost heart at once.
【Special Difficulties】
與run有關的短語
run out of 用完，耗盡
They are running out of food and drink.
He has run out of money.
run after 追趕，追逐
Seeing that his sister was annoyed, he ran after her to apologize.
run over 在……駛過/輾過
The car ran over a snake/his legs.
run in 試車，試轉（發(fā)動機等）
John is running his new car in.
Run in the engine before you start work.
run into 偶然碰見
I ran into Mary and Jane in the flower shop.
He ran into Sterlings while travelling in Italy.
【New words and expressions】（12）
trap v. 陷入，使陷于困境
surface n. 地面，表面
explosive n. (zhayao)
vibration n. 震動
collapse v. 坍塌
drill v. 鉆孔
capsule n. 容器
layer n. 層
beneath prep. 在......之下
lower v. 放下，降低
progress v. 進展，進行
smoothly adv. 順利地
★collapse v. 坍塌
① vi. 倒塌
If explosives are used, vibrations will cause the roof of the mine to collapse.
With no one to repair it, the old church collapsed long ago.
② vi.（因精疲力竭）倒下；（身體等）垮掉
After many years’ hard work, my mother’s health collapsed.
He had run more than forty miles. As soon as he was out of danger, he collapsed.
【Text】
Six men have been trapped in a mine for seventeen hours. If they are not brought to the surface soon they may lose their lives. However, rescue operations are proving difficult. If explosives are used, vibrations will cause the roof of the mine to collapse. Rescue workers are therefore drilling a hole on the north side of the mine. They intend to bring the men up in a special capsule. If there had not been a hard layer of rock beneath the soil, they would have completed the job in a few hours. As it is, they have been drilling for sixteen hours and they still have a long way to go. Meanwhile, a microphone, which was lowered into the mine two hours ago, has enabled the men to keep in touch with their closest relatives. Though they are running out of food and drink, the men are cheerful and confident that they will get out soon. They have been told that rescue operations are progressing smoothly. If they knew how difficult it was to drill through the hard rock, they would lose heart.
參考譯文
6個人被困在礦井里已有17個小時了。如果不把他們盡快救到地面上來，他們就有可能喪生。然而，事實證明營救工作非常困難。如果用(zhayao)爆破，震動會引起礦頂塌落。因此，營救人員在礦井的北側鉆了一個洞。他們準備用一種特制的容器把這6個人救上來。如果不是因為土壤下面有一層堅硬的巖石，他們的營救工作僅用幾個小時就可以完成了。實際情況是，他們已連續(xù)鉆了16個小時了，但離鉆透還早著呢。與此同時，兩個小時以前放下井去的一只麥克風使井下的人可以與其親屬保持聯(lián)系。雖然他們的食物和飲料都快消耗盡了，但這些人的心情很好，堅信他們很快就會出去。他們一直被告知營救工作進行得非常順利。如果他們知道了鉆透那堅硬的巖石有多么困難，他們會喪失信心的。
【課文講解】
1、However, rescue operations are proving difficult.
rescue operations 營救工作
prove vt. 證明是，結果是
What he had told us proved false.
2、Rescue workers are therefore drilling a hole on the north side of the mine.
therefore adv. 因此，所以（可獨立使用，也可位于動詞前）
The new flat is larger and therefore more expensive.
His parents gave him some money, and he was therefore able to buy a car.
so conj. 所以，因此（不能放在動詞前）
We arrived early, so we got good seats.
3、As it is, they have been drilling for sixteen hours and they still have a long way to go.
as it is =as it was 事實上，實際上
I thought they would help us. As it was, they just sat there and looked on.
I promised to return books yesterday. As it is, I won’t be able to do so until next Monday.
4、Meanwhile, a microphone, which was lowered into the mine two hours ago, has enabled the men to keep in touch with their closest relatives.
enable vt. 使……能夠
The hubble telescope will enable us to have a better understanding of the distant stars and galaxies.
前綴en-加在名詞或形容詞前可以使這個詞成為動詞，如endanger（危及，使遭受危險），enlarge（擴大，擴展，擴充），enslave（奴役，使成為奴隸），entrap（使……入陷阱/圈套，欺騙）
keep in touch with 與……保持聯(lián)系（可以用stay，get等其他動詞）
George is in close touch with Ian.
Can you get in touch with the company?
5、Though they are running out of food and drink, the men are cheerful and confident that they will get out soon.
run out of 用完，用盡
6、If they knew how difficult it was to drill through the hard rock, they would lose heart.
lose heart 失望，喪失信心/勇氣，泄氣，灰心
Seeing that the enemy was much stronger than themselves, the soldiers lost heart at once.
【Special Difficulties】
與run有關的短語
run out of 用完，耗盡
They are running out of food and drink.
He has run out of money.
run after 追趕，追逐
Seeing that his sister was annoyed, he ran after her to apologize.
run over 在……駛過/輾過
The car ran over a snake/his legs.
run in 試車，試轉（發(fā)動機等）
John is running his new car in.
Run in the engine before you start work.
run into 偶然碰見
I ran into Mary and Jane in the flower shop.
He ran into Sterlings while travelling in Italy.