2018考研英語長難句分析(20)

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77. This is the credibility process, through whichthe individual researcher's me, here, now becomesthe community's anyone, anywhere, anytime.
    78. Within the complex social structure of the scientific community, researchers makediscoveries; editors and reviewers act as gatekeepers by controlling the publication process;other scientists use the new finding to suit their own purpose; and finally, the public (includingother scientists) receives the new discovery and possibly accompanying technology.
    79. As a discovery claim works it through thecommunity, the interaction and confrontationbetween shared and competing beliefs about thescience and the technology involved transforms anindividual's discovery claim into the community'scredible discovery.
    80. First, scientific work tends to focus on some aspect of prevailing knowledge that is viewedas incomplete or incorrect.
    考研英語長難句解析:
    第77題:
    【分析】復(fù)合句。句子主干為 This is...process...。which引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句,修飾 process,其中介詞 through提前。
    【譯文】這是一個信任的過程,通過這個過程,個體研究者的"我"、"此地"、"此時"變成了整個科學(xué)界的"任何人"、"任何地方"和"任何時間"。
    第78題:
    【分析】并列句。由分號及 and 連接四個并列的分句。第一個分句的主干為 researchers makediscoveries。第二個分句的主干為 editors and reviewers act。第三個分句的主干為 scientistsuse...finding...。第四個分句的主干為 the public...receives...discovery and...technology。Within thecommunity 作四個分句共同的狀語。
    【譯文】在科學(xué)界的復(fù)雜社會結(jié)構(gòu)里,研究人員負(fù)責(zé)發(fā)現(xiàn)事物;編輯和評論作為看門人掌握著發(fā)表發(fā)現(xiàn)的進程;其他科學(xué)家按自己的研究目的運用新發(fā)現(xiàn);最終大眾(包括其他科學(xué)家)接受新發(fā)現(xiàn)以及可能隨之而來的新技術(shù)。
    【點撥】1) suit 作名詞時意為"一套衣服",作動詞時意為"適合于,使?jié)M意"。2) accompany "陪伴,伴隨"。
    第79題:
    【分析】復(fù)合句。句子主干為 the interaction andconfrontation...transforms...claiminto...discovery。as 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。主句中between...involved 作定語,修飾主語 the interactionand confrontation。
    【譯文】當(dāng)一個發(fā)現(xiàn)申明通過了科學(xué)界的層層考驗,與之相關(guān)的科學(xué)和技術(shù)所共有和沖突的信念間相互作用、相互對抗,使個人申明的發(fā)現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)化成為科學(xué)界可信的發(fā)現(xiàn)。
    第80題:
    【分析】復(fù)合句。句子主干為 work tends to focus on...,that 引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾 knowledge。
    【譯文】第一,科學(xué)工作傾向于針對現(xiàn)有的知識中被認(rèn)為不完全或不正確的某個方向。
    【點撥】prevailing"普遍的;流行的"。