口語(yǔ):謊言還分很多種?

字號(hào):

從小孩子的撒謊到善意的謊言再到存心欺騙的謊話,再到程度和后果都更嚴(yán)重的謊話,比如詐騙、誤導(dǎo)或謬論,如何表達(dá)這些性質(zhì)不同的謊話?
    Lie 指的是說(shuō)話者有意欺騙聽(tīng)者的虛假陳述,可以作名詞“謊話"或動(dòng)詞“說(shuō)謊"。
    例:
    He looked at me, eye to eye, and told me that he didn't use my car on the weekend. I know he is lying.
    他看著我的眼睛告訴我他周末沒(méi)有用我的車。我知道他在說(shuō)謊。
    另一種說(shuō)謊可以用fib來(lái)形容,這種謊話和lie類似,但沒(méi)那么重要,也沒(méi)什么影響,通常用來(lái)表示小孩子的說(shuō)謊,可以用作名詞或動(dòng)詞。
    例:
    Who ate the last apple, don't tell a fib, I want you to tell me now.
    誰(shuí)吃了最后一個(gè)蘋果,別撒謊,我要你現(xiàn)在就告訴我。
    你還可以用white lie來(lái)表示“善意的謊言”,這是一種無(wú)害或無(wú)傷大雅的謊言,通常用來(lái)避免傷害某人的感情。
    例:
    I had to tell her that the dress looking beautiful, but it was a white lie as I didn't want her to feel embarrassed.
    我不得不告訴她那條裙子看起來(lái)很漂亮,但這是個(gè)善意的謊言,因?yàn)槲也幌胨械綄擂巍?BR>    Swindle可用作名詞或動(dòng)詞,名詞時(shí)通常指聽(tīng)信某人的謊話被騙錢財(cái)?shù)那闆r,即*、詐騙。
    I lost a lot of money in the insurance swindle during the 1990s.
    我在二十世紀(jì)九十年代的保險(xiǎn)*中失去了很多錢。
    用作動(dòng)詞時(shí),swindle指的是欺騙的行為。
    He swindled her out of her life savings, I hope he gets caught and goes to jail.
    他騙光了她一輩子的積蓄,我希望他被抓住并被送去坐牢。
    如果你mislead某人,那么你是有意給他們一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的概念或印象。
    I think he has misled me. I am sure he told me the party was Saturday, not today, as he doesn't want me to be there.
    我覺(jué)得他誤導(dǎo)了我。我肯定他告訴我聚會(huì)是星期六,不是今天,因?yàn)樗幌胛页霈F(xiàn)。
    Fallacy指的是基于一種錯(cuò)誤或不全面觀點(diǎn)之上的信仰,類似于中文中的'謬論'。
    The idea that all babies can walk when they are one is a fallacy.
    所有嬰兒一歲時(shí)都會(huì)走路的說(shuō)法是個(gè)謬論。