備考英語四級考試的同學(xué)們，特別整理了《2017年12月英語四級語法知識：have 的否定形式》一文，希望對大家備考有所幫助，并預(yù)祝同學(xué)們高分通過考試。
have 的否定形式：
當(dāng)表示“有”的意思時，可以采用以下三種形式：have+not;do not+ have; have+ no+ n. 如：I have not enough food to eat.= I do not have enough food to eat. =I have no enough food to eat.
當(dāng)have為助動詞時，用“have+ not”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：I have not been toShanghai。
當(dāng)have既不表示“有”，也不作助動詞用時，用“do not+ have”結(jié)構(gòu)。I didn’t have breakfast this morning.
具體到反義疑問句中，則遵循以下原則：
a.當(dāng)have表示“有”含義時，反意疑部問部分可以用have形式，也可以用do形式。例如：
He has a book in his hand, hasn't he?
He has a book in his hand, doesn't he?
b.當(dāng)陳述部分的動詞是have“有”的否定形式時，反意疑問部分是用have形式還是用do形式，取決于陳述部分的動詞形式。例如：
You haven't a car, have you?
You don't have any money with you, do you?
c.當(dāng)have不表示“有”含義而表示其他含義時，反意疑問句則必須用do的形式。例如：
We had a good time in the vacation, didn't we?
He has his breakfast at seven everyday, doesn't he?
You have to get up early tomorrow, don't you?
[注意]
①句子中如果有all、both、very much/well等詞時,用not一般構(gòu)成部分否定,如果要完全否定,則通常使用none、neither、not…at all等;All of them went there.→None of them went there.(他們?nèi)既チ四抢铩麄內(nèi)紱]去那里)
②句子中含有l(wèi)ittle、few、too(太)、hardly、never、neither、nor、seldom等詞時, 則視為否定句。如：Few people live there because life there is very hard.(幾乎沒有人生活在那里因為那里的生活太艱難了)
③陳述句(主語+謂語+其他)在口語中可以直接表示疑問,表示驚訝或明知故問。如：That’s your boss?(那就是你的老板?!)
④陳述句一般情況下應(yīng)使用正常的語序, 即：主語+謂語+其他。但是有時會倒裝,詳見“倒裝句”。
⑤所有的從句一律使用陳述句語序,即在連接詞后采用“主語+謂語+其他”的順序。如：The old man told me that he would live here for ten more years before he returns home. (老人告訴我說他還要在這兒住幾年然后回家)/ Could you tell me who you saw at the party last night?(能告訴我在聚會上你都看見了誰嗎?)
have 的否定形式：
當(dāng)表示“有”的意思時，可以采用以下三種形式：have+not;do not+ have; have+ no+ n. 如：I have not enough food to eat.= I do not have enough food to eat. =I have no enough food to eat.
當(dāng)have為助動詞時，用“have+ not”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：I have not been toShanghai。
當(dāng)have既不表示“有”，也不作助動詞用時，用“do not+ have”結(jié)構(gòu)。I didn’t have breakfast this morning.
具體到反義疑問句中，則遵循以下原則：
a.當(dāng)have表示“有”含義時，反意疑部問部分可以用have形式，也可以用do形式。例如：
He has a book in his hand, hasn't he?
He has a book in his hand, doesn't he?
b.當(dāng)陳述部分的動詞是have“有”的否定形式時，反意疑問部分是用have形式還是用do形式，取決于陳述部分的動詞形式。例如：
You haven't a car, have you?
You don't have any money with you, do you?
c.當(dāng)have不表示“有”含義而表示其他含義時，反意疑問句則必須用do的形式。例如：
We had a good time in the vacation, didn't we?
He has his breakfast at seven everyday, doesn't he?
You have to get up early tomorrow, don't you?
[注意]
①句子中如果有all、both、very much/well等詞時,用not一般構(gòu)成部分否定,如果要完全否定,則通常使用none、neither、not…at all等;All of them went there.→None of them went there.(他們?nèi)既チ四抢铩麄內(nèi)紱]去那里)
②句子中含有l(wèi)ittle、few、too(太)、hardly、never、neither、nor、seldom等詞時, 則視為否定句。如：Few people live there because life there is very hard.(幾乎沒有人生活在那里因為那里的生活太艱難了)
③陳述句(主語+謂語+其他)在口語中可以直接表示疑問,表示驚訝或明知故問。如：That’s your boss?(那就是你的老板?!)
④陳述句一般情況下應(yīng)使用正常的語序, 即：主語+謂語+其他。但是有時會倒裝,詳見“倒裝句”。
⑤所有的從句一律使用陳述句語序,即在連接詞后采用“主語+謂語+其他”的順序。如：The old man told me that he would live here for ten more years before he returns home. (老人告訴我說他還要在這兒住幾年然后回家)/ Could you tell me who you saw at the party last night?(能告訴我在聚會上你都看見了誰嗎?)