我們學習英語，能學會所有的因素和發(fā)音規(guī)則，也有可能掌握所有的語法和規(guī)則，但要學會所有的單詞是無法做到的。且不說外語學習者。即便把英語作為母語使用的人也難以達到這一目標。整理了高級英語詞匯同義替換，快來看看吧！希望能幫助到你~更多相關訊息請關注！
一、假設，猜想（guess）
1.hypothesis [haɪˈpɒθəsɪs]
【例句】Their hypothesis is that watching excessive amounts of television reduces a person's ability to concentrate.
【翻譯】他們的假說認為過度觀看電視會導致注意力不集中等問題。
2.speculation [ˌspekjuˈleɪʃn]
【例句】The book is just a lot of idle speculation about the future.
【翻譯】這本書就是很多關于未來的無意義的猜想。
3.assumption [əˈsʌmpʃn]
【例句】Her plan is based on the underlying assumption that the economy will improve in the near future.
【翻譯】她的計劃是基于這樣一個假設：經(jīng)濟將在不久的將來會有所改善。
二、提議（suggestion）
1.proposal [prəˈpəʊzl]
【例句】This proposal would be a less restrictive way of obtaining the same information.
【翻譯】該提議是以相對輕松的方式獲取同等信息。
2.recommendation [ˌrekəmenˈdeɪʃn]
【例句】The president, according to a White House statement last week, has decided to accept our recommendation.
【翻譯】白宮發(fā)言人上周表示總統(tǒng)已經(jīng)決定接受我們的提議。
3.proposition [ˌprɒpəˈzɪʃn]
【例句】Right now, a significant minority (some 40 percent) of African-American voters already agrees with that proposition.
【翻譯】現(xiàn)在，少數(shù)非洲裔美國選民（將近40%）已經(jīng)同意了該提議。
三、 動機、動力（motivation)
1.impetus [ˈɪmpɪtəs]
【例句】This is the primary impetus behind the economic recovery.
【翻譯】這是促使經(jīng)濟復蘇的主要動力.
2.momentum [məˈmentəm]
【例句】They are each anxious to maintain the momentum of the search for a solution.
【翻譯】他們每個人都迫切希望能一直勁頭十足地去尋求解決方案。
3.incentive [ɪnˈsentɪv]
【例句】She alone had not only the incentive, but the necessary opportunity.
【翻譯】她不是缺少動力，而是缺少必要的機會。
4.encouragement [ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒmənt]
【例句】He's so invested in this dream of becoming a writer that any encouragement sends him flying.
【翻譯】他為實現(xiàn)作家夢付出了很大的心血，任何鼓勵都讓他非常高興。
四、評估，估計 （evaluation）
1.assessment [əˈsesmənt]
【例句】This was an uncharitable assessment of the reasons for the failure.
【翻譯】這是對失敗原因毫不講情面的分析評估
2.appraisal [əˈpreɪzl]
【例句】What is needed in such cases is a calm appraisal of the situation.
【翻譯】在此類情況下需要對形勢有一個冷靜的評估。
3.estimate [ˈestɪmət]
【例句】At least one estimate puts the total tab at $7 million.
【翻譯】至少有一個估價把總數(shù)定在了700萬美元。
4.judgment [ˈdʒʌdʒmənt]
【例句】Our judgment as to the cause of his failure must rest on the evidence.
【翻譯】我們是基于證據(jù)對他失敗的原因進行評估。
五、混亂 （disorder）
1.disorganization [dɪsˌɔ:ɡənaɪ'zeɪʃn]
【例句】May beth is is just another manifestation of Democratic disorganization.
【翻譯】也許這又一次彰顯了民主混亂。
2.chaos [ˈkeɪɒs]
【例句】Whatever troubles arise, we'll have peace of mind amidst seeming chaos.
【翻譯】無論出現(xiàn)什么樣的麻煩，我們都會在貌似混亂的情形中保持平和的心態(tài)。
3.turbulence [ˈtɜ:bjələns]
【例句】Theworld situation is characterized by turbulence and intranquility.
【翻譯】世界局勢動蕩不安.
4.turmoil [ˈtɜ:mɔɪl]
【例句】My emotional turmoil had drained me.
【翻譯】紛亂的情緒讓我心力交瘁。
六、工具設備（tool）
1.appliance [əˈplaɪəns]
【例句】He could also learn to use the vacuum cleaner, the washing machine and otherhousehold appliances.
【翻譯】他可以再學學使用吸塵器、洗衣機和其他家用電器
2.equipment [ɪˈkwɪpmənt]
【例句】The photographer came early to set up his equipment.
【翻譯】攝影師很早就把他的設備搭起來了。
3.device [dɪˈvaɪs]
【例句】The device can discriminate between the cancerous and the normal cells.
【翻譯】這臺儀器可以辨別癌細胞和正常的細胞。
4.apparatus [ˌæpəˈreɪtəs]
【例句】They lacked the scientific personnel to develop the technical apparatus much further.
【翻譯】他們?nèi)鄙倌軌蜻M一步研發(fā)這一技術裝置的科研人員。
5.instrument [ˈɪnstrəmənt]
【例句】The veto has been a traditional instrument of diplomacy for centuries.
【翻譯】幾個世紀以來否決權一直是外交上慣用的手段。
七、同盟聯(lián)盟 league
1.coalition[ˌkəʊəˈlɪʃn]
【例句】The Liberal leader has announced his party's withdrawal from the ruling coalition.
【翻譯】自由黨領袖已宣布該黨退出執(zhí)政聯(lián)盟。
2.alliance [əˈlaɪəns]
【例句】Yet now he was here, in extremis, to seek an alliance.
【翻譯】然而現(xiàn)在他就在這里，在絕境中尋求聯(lián)盟。
3.ally [ˈælaɪ]
【例句】He isa close ally of the Prime Minister.
【翻譯】他是首相的親密支持者。
4.union [ˈju:niən]
【例句】Inunion there is strength.
【翻譯】團結(jié)就是力量
八、娛樂消遣（leisure）
1.pastime [ˈpɑ:staɪm]
【例句】Readingalways been an important part of learning and enjoyable pastime .一直以來
【翻譯】讀書都是學習中的一個重要部分，也是消磨時間的好方法。
2.recreation [ˌrekriˈeɪʃn]
【例句】Allthe family members need to have their own interests and recreations.
【翻譯】所有的家庭成員都需要有自己的興趣和休閑方式。
3.diversion [daɪˈvɜ:ʃn]
【例句】Fingerpainting is very messy but an excellent diversion.
【翻譯】用手指畫畫是很臟，但卻是一項極好的消遣。
九、方式方法（way）
1.manner [ˈmænə(r)]
【例句】For now, we need to interpret the law and its guidelines as accurately as we can and to act in a fair manner.
【翻譯】現(xiàn)在，我們需要盡可能準確地闡釋法律和準則，并以公平的方式行動。
2.fashion [ˈfæʃn]
【例句】So "conscious business" might mean, engaging in an occupation, work, ortrade in a mindful, awake fashion.
【翻譯】所以“有意識的商業(yè)”可能意味著用警覺的、醒著的樣式參與一項職業(yè)，工作或者貿(mào)易。
3.approach [əˈprəʊtʃ]
【例句】We will be exploring different approaches to gathering information.
【翻譯】我們將探索收集信息的不同方法。
4.tactic [ˈtæktɪk]
【例句】The giant oilcorporations are earning fabulous profits by cunning tactics.
【翻譯】這些大石油公司以狡詐的手段賺取巨額利潤。
5.means [mi:nz]
【例句】According tosocial learning theories, social interaction is a means by which people acquireattitudes, beliefs, and behaviors.
【翻譯】根據(jù)社會學習理論，社會交往是人們獲得態(tài)度、信念和行為的一種手段。
6.channel [ˈtʃænl]
【例句】The Americansrecognise that the UN can be the channel for greater diplomatic activity.
【翻譯】美國人認識到可以通過聯(lián)合國這個渠道開展更多的外交活動。
十、標準（standard）
1.criteria [kraɪ'tɪərɪə]
【例句】At the moment candidates are selected on a fairly narrow set of criteria such as prior academic and career performance, and analytical and problem solvingabilities.
【翻譯】目前選舉候選人的一系列標準非常狹隘，例如以前的學術和職業(yè)表現(xiàn)，分析和解決問題的能力。
2.norm [nɔ:m]
【例句】We conform to norms so readily that we are hardly aware they exist.
【翻譯】我們很輕而易舉便遵守規(guī)則，所以我們很難意識到他們的存在。
十一、進展（progress）
1.advance [ədˈvɑ:ns]
【例句】Medical technology has advanced considerably...
【翻譯】醫(yī)學技術突飛猛進。
2.headway ['hedweɪ]
【例句】She has made remarkable headway in her writing skills.
【翻譯】她在寫作技巧方面有了長足進步.
十二、渴望希望（hope）
1.desire [dɪˈzaɪə(r)]
【例句】They seem to regain their desire for life.
【翻譯】他們似乎重獲對生活的熱望。
2.eagerness ['i:gənɪs]
【例句】He began to explain with the most considerable eagerness.
【翻譯】他開始解釋，顯得鄭重其事，又萬分熱誠。
3.urge [ɜ:dʒ]
【例句】He had an urge to open a shop of his own...
【翻譯】他很想自己開一家店
4.hunger [ˈhʌŋgə(r)]
【例句】I can't understand why he seems to have no hunger for knowledge.【翻譯】我不明白為什么他看上去對知識毫無興趣。
5.yearning [ˈjɜ:nɪŋ]
【例句】He has always a yearning to be a schoolteacher
【翻譯】他一直想成為一名老師
十三、意識（sense）
1.consciousness [ˈkɒnʃəsnəs]
【例句】He is acutely conscious that this transition will bring with it the risk of socialunrest.
【翻譯】他非常清楚這種轉(zhuǎn)變伴隨著社會*的危險。
2.awareness [əˈweənəs]
【例句】.He introduced radio to the school to increase the children's awareness.
【翻譯】他在學校開通廣播，以提高孩子們的警覺性.
3.perception [pərˈsepʃn]
【例句】Another interesting issue deals with certain cultures' perception of beauty.
【翻譯】另一個有趣的問題與特定文化中美的感知有關。
十四、性格（character）
1.disposition [ˌdɪspəˈzɪʃn]
【例句】Hewas a man of decisive action and an adventurous disposition.
【翻譯】他是一個行動果斷又愛冒險的人。
2.personality [ˌpɜ:səˈnæləti]
【例句】Intoday’s personality stakes, nothing is more highly valued than the sense of humor.
【翻譯】現(xiàn)代的性格特點中，沒有什么比幽默感更有價值。
3.temperament [ˈtemprəmənt]
【例句】His impulsive temperament regularly got him into difficulties...
【翻譯】他容易沖動，經(jīng)常因此惹麻煩。
4.nature [ˈneɪtʃə(r)]
【例句】She feels that her ambitious nature made her unsuitable for an arranged marriage.
【翻譯】她覺得她不安分的個性不適合包辦的婚姻。
十五、承諾（promise）
1.commitment [kəˈmɪtmənt]
【例句】Theymade a commitment to peace.
【翻譯】他們承諾要維護和平。
2.pledge [pledʒ]
【例句】Inthe treaty both sides pledge to respect human rights.
【翻譯】雙方在條約中都承諾將尊重人權。
3.engagement [ɪnˈgeɪdʒmənt]
【例句】Allhis time seems to be taken up with social engagements.
【翻譯】社會約定占據(jù)了他所有的時間
十六、情緒（feeling）
1.mood [mu:d]
【例句】People who struggle with excessive Internet use maybe depressed or have other mooddisorder.
【翻譯】過度使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)可能會導致抑郁癥或其他情緒失控。
2.emotion [ɪˈməʊʃn]
【例句】A tide of emotion rose and clouded his judgement.
【翻譯】心頭涌起一陣強烈的感情，模糊了他的判斷力。
3.sentiment [ˈsentɪmənt]
【例句】He found growing sentiment for military action.
【翻譯】他發(fā)現(xiàn)支持采取軍事行動的情緒日益高漲。
十七、吸引力 ( attraction )
1.appeal [əˈpi:l]
【例句】The game has lost its appeal.
【翻譯】這個游戲失去了吸引力
2.fascination [ˌfæsɪˈneɪʃn]
【例句】Water holds a fascination for most children.
【翻譯】水對多數(shù)孩子都有極大的吸引力。
3.charm [tʃɑ:m]
【例句】Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs', the 1937 Disney classic, has lost none of its original charm.
【翻譯】1937年迪斯尼推出的經(jīng)典之作《白雪公主和七個小矮人》魅力不減當年。
4.lure [lʊə(r)]
【例句】The lure of rural life is proving as strong as ever.
【翻譯】事實證明，鄉(xiāng)村生活的魅力絲毫未減。
5.allurement [ə'ljʊəmənt]
【例句】Money is a kind of allurement for us.
【翻譯】對我們來說金錢是種誘惑物。
6.temptation [tempˈteɪʃn]
【例句】Don't succumb to the temptation to have just one cigarette.
【翻譯】不要經(jīng)不住誘惑，只抽一支煙也不行。
十八、責任(duty)
1.responsibility [rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti]
【例句】Responsibility and moderation were to be the keynotes of their foreign policy.
【翻譯】責任和克制將是他們外交政策的核心
2.obligation [ˌɒblɪˈgeɪʃn]
【例句】Co-operation was more than just an attractive option, it was an obligation.
【翻譯】合作不僅僅是誘人的選擇，它也是一種責任。
3.accountability [əˌkaʊntə'bɪlətɪ]
【例句】Goodmanagement in the police cannot be divorced from accountability.
【翻譯】對警察隊伍的良好管理和應負的責任是分不開的。
十九、選擇(choice)
1.option [ˈɒpʃn]
【例句】The menu changes weekly and usually includes a vegan option.
【翻譯】菜單每周都有變化，通常包含可供嚴格的素食者選擇的菜肴。
2.alternative [ɔ:lˈtɜ:nətɪv]
【例句】You have the alternative of riding or walking.
【翻譯】你可以選擇騎車或者步行。
3.preference [ˈprefrəns]
【例句】Parents can express a preference for the school their child attends...
【翻譯】父母可以表達對自己孩子所上學校的偏好。
4.selection [sɪˈlekʃn]
【例句】There is a wide selection of food available.
【翻譯】有很多可供選擇的食物
二十、契約協(xié)議(agreement)
1.contract [ˈkɒntrækt]
【例句】A formal contract is signed which is renewable annually.
【翻譯】正式簽訂了每年可續(xù)簽的合同。
2.pact [pækt]
【例句】A non-aggression pact will be signed between the two countries.
【翻譯】兩國將簽署互不侵犯條約。
3.treaty [ˈtri:ti]
【例句】The treaty binds them to respect their neighbour's independence.
【翻譯】條約規(guī)定他們必須尊重其鄰國的獨立
二十一、費用(fee)
1.payment [ˈpeɪmənt]
【例句】Thousands of its customers are in arrears with loans and mortgage payments.
【翻譯】有數(shù)千客戶拖欠其貸款和抵押貸款還款
2.cost [kɒst]
【例句】Companiesare moving jobs to towns with a lower cost of living.
【翻譯】各公司正在把工作崗位轉(zhuǎn)移至生活費用較低的城鎮(zhèn)。
3.spending [ˈspendɪŋ]
【例句】He'sa staunch supporter of controls on government spending.
【翻譯】他堅決支持控制政府開支。
4.expense [ɪkˈspens]
【例句】Theywant to cut down their utility expenses
【翻譯】他們想削減公用事業(yè)上的支出。
5.expenditure [ɪkˈspendɪtʃə(r)]
【例句】.Itis questionable whether the expenditure on this project is really justified.
【翻譯】該項目的開支是否真的合理還未可知。
6.toll [təʊl]
【例句】Allvehicles travelling across the bridge have to pay a toll.
【翻譯】所有過橋的車輛都要付過橋費。
二十二、差別差異(difference)
1.distinction [dɪˈstɪŋkʃn]
【例句】Many people make a sharp distinction between humans and other animals.
【翻譯】很多人認為人類和其他動物截然不同。
2.divergence [daɪ'vɜ:dʒəns]
【例句】A minimal error or deviation may result in wide divergence.
【翻譯】失之毫厘,謬以千里.
3.discrepancy [dɪsˈkrepənsi]
【例句】The discrepancy in their ages seemed not to matter.
【翻譯】他們之間年齡的差異似乎沒有多大關系。
二十三、矛盾沖突(conflict)
1.paradox [ˈpærədɒks]
【例句】“More haste, less speed.”is a paradox.
【翻譯】“欲速則不達”是一句似非而是的雋言。
2.contradiction [ˌkɒntrəˈdɪkʃn]
【例句】Once the principal contradiction is grasped, all problems will be readily solved.
【翻譯】一旦抓住了主要矛盾, 一切問題就迎刃而解.
3.controversy [ˈkɒntrəvɜ:si]
【例句】They had a bitter controversy over the question.
【翻譯】他們在這個問題上有很大的爭論。
4.dispute [dɪˈspju:t]
【例句】They agreed to try to settle their dispute by negotiation.
【翻譯】他們同意通過談判來努力解決糾紛。
二十四、趨勢(trend)
1.tendency [ˈtendənsi]
【例句】Matters have taken a new tendency to〔towards〕peace.
【翻譯】事態(tài)有了向和平方向發(fā)展的新趨勢。
2.inclination[ˌɪnklɪˈneɪʃn]
【例句】He did not show the slightest inclination to leave.
【翻譯】他絲毫沒有表現(xiàn)出要離開的意思。
副詞類
一、幾乎不(hardly)
1.barely [ˈbeəli]
【例句】We could barely see the other cars because of the fog.
【翻譯】因為有霧，我們幾乎看不到別的汽車。
2.scarcely [ˈskeəsli]
【例句】His style could scarcely be further removed from that of his predecessor.
【翻譯】他的風格幾乎和他的前輩如出一轍。
二、立即，馬上(immediately)
1.promptly [ˈprɒmptli]
【例句】Responding promptly to accidents and other emergencies is important, but it is their smallest job.
【翻譯】及時響應事故和其他緊急情況是很重要的，但這是他們最基本的工作
2.instantly [ˈɪnstəntli]
【例句】I recognized her instantly she entered the room.
【翻譯】她一進房間我就認出了她。
三、提前(before)
1.prior to [ˈpraɪə(r)]
【例句】Prior to that time, buffalo had roamed the Great Plains in tremendous numbers.
【翻譯】在那個時間之前，很多野牛出沒于大平原上。
2.previously ['pri:vɪəslɪ]
【例句】The device had been used operationally some months previously.
【翻譯】該設備幾個月之前曾投入運行。
3.in advance [ədˈvɑ:ns]
【例句】Clients normally pay fees in advance, monthly, quarterly, or yearly.
【翻譯】客戶通常按月、季度或年度預付費用。
一、假設，猜想（guess）
1.hypothesis [haɪˈpɒθəsɪs]
【例句】Their hypothesis is that watching excessive amounts of television reduces a person's ability to concentrate.
【翻譯】他們的假說認為過度觀看電視會導致注意力不集中等問題。
2.speculation [ˌspekjuˈleɪʃn]
【例句】The book is just a lot of idle speculation about the future.
【翻譯】這本書就是很多關于未來的無意義的猜想。
3.assumption [əˈsʌmpʃn]
【例句】Her plan is based on the underlying assumption that the economy will improve in the near future.
【翻譯】她的計劃是基于這樣一個假設：經(jīng)濟將在不久的將來會有所改善。
二、提議（suggestion）
1.proposal [prəˈpəʊzl]
【例句】This proposal would be a less restrictive way of obtaining the same information.
【翻譯】該提議是以相對輕松的方式獲取同等信息。
2.recommendation [ˌrekəmenˈdeɪʃn]
【例句】The president, according to a White House statement last week, has decided to accept our recommendation.
【翻譯】白宮發(fā)言人上周表示總統(tǒng)已經(jīng)決定接受我們的提議。
3.proposition [ˌprɒpəˈzɪʃn]
【例句】Right now, a significant minority (some 40 percent) of African-American voters already agrees with that proposition.
【翻譯】現(xiàn)在，少數(shù)非洲裔美國選民（將近40%）已經(jīng)同意了該提議。
三、 動機、動力（motivation)
1.impetus [ˈɪmpɪtəs]
【例句】This is the primary impetus behind the economic recovery.
【翻譯】這是促使經(jīng)濟復蘇的主要動力.
2.momentum [məˈmentəm]
【例句】They are each anxious to maintain the momentum of the search for a solution.
【翻譯】他們每個人都迫切希望能一直勁頭十足地去尋求解決方案。
3.incentive [ɪnˈsentɪv]
【例句】She alone had not only the incentive, but the necessary opportunity.
【翻譯】她不是缺少動力，而是缺少必要的機會。
4.encouragement [ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒmənt]
【例句】He's so invested in this dream of becoming a writer that any encouragement sends him flying.
【翻譯】他為實現(xiàn)作家夢付出了很大的心血，任何鼓勵都讓他非常高興。
四、評估，估計 （evaluation）
1.assessment [əˈsesmənt]
【例句】This was an uncharitable assessment of the reasons for the failure.
【翻譯】這是對失敗原因毫不講情面的分析評估
2.appraisal [əˈpreɪzl]
【例句】What is needed in such cases is a calm appraisal of the situation.
【翻譯】在此類情況下需要對形勢有一個冷靜的評估。
3.estimate [ˈestɪmət]
【例句】At least one estimate puts the total tab at $7 million.
【翻譯】至少有一個估價把總數(shù)定在了700萬美元。
4.judgment [ˈdʒʌdʒmənt]
【例句】Our judgment as to the cause of his failure must rest on the evidence.
【翻譯】我們是基于證據(jù)對他失敗的原因進行評估。
五、混亂 （disorder）
1.disorganization [dɪsˌɔ:ɡənaɪ'zeɪʃn]
【例句】May beth is is just another manifestation of Democratic disorganization.
【翻譯】也許這又一次彰顯了民主混亂。
2.chaos [ˈkeɪɒs]
【例句】Whatever troubles arise, we'll have peace of mind amidst seeming chaos.
【翻譯】無論出現(xiàn)什么樣的麻煩，我們都會在貌似混亂的情形中保持平和的心態(tài)。
3.turbulence [ˈtɜ:bjələns]
【例句】Theworld situation is characterized by turbulence and intranquility.
【翻譯】世界局勢動蕩不安.
4.turmoil [ˈtɜ:mɔɪl]
【例句】My emotional turmoil had drained me.
【翻譯】紛亂的情緒讓我心力交瘁。
六、工具設備（tool）
1.appliance [əˈplaɪəns]
【例句】He could also learn to use the vacuum cleaner, the washing machine and otherhousehold appliances.
【翻譯】他可以再學學使用吸塵器、洗衣機和其他家用電器
2.equipment [ɪˈkwɪpmənt]
【例句】The photographer came early to set up his equipment.
【翻譯】攝影師很早就把他的設備搭起來了。
3.device [dɪˈvaɪs]
【例句】The device can discriminate between the cancerous and the normal cells.
【翻譯】這臺儀器可以辨別癌細胞和正常的細胞。
4.apparatus [ˌæpəˈreɪtəs]
【例句】They lacked the scientific personnel to develop the technical apparatus much further.
【翻譯】他們?nèi)鄙倌軌蜻M一步研發(fā)這一技術裝置的科研人員。
5.instrument [ˈɪnstrəmənt]
【例句】The veto has been a traditional instrument of diplomacy for centuries.
【翻譯】幾個世紀以來否決權一直是外交上慣用的手段。
七、同盟聯(lián)盟 league
1.coalition[ˌkəʊəˈlɪʃn]
【例句】The Liberal leader has announced his party's withdrawal from the ruling coalition.
【翻譯】自由黨領袖已宣布該黨退出執(zhí)政聯(lián)盟。
2.alliance [əˈlaɪəns]
【例句】Yet now he was here, in extremis, to seek an alliance.
【翻譯】然而現(xiàn)在他就在這里，在絕境中尋求聯(lián)盟。
3.ally [ˈælaɪ]
【例句】He isa close ally of the Prime Minister.
【翻譯】他是首相的親密支持者。
4.union [ˈju:niən]
【例句】Inunion there is strength.
【翻譯】團結(jié)就是力量
八、娛樂消遣（leisure）
1.pastime [ˈpɑ:staɪm]
【例句】Readingalways been an important part of learning and enjoyable pastime .一直以來
【翻譯】讀書都是學習中的一個重要部分，也是消磨時間的好方法。
2.recreation [ˌrekriˈeɪʃn]
【例句】Allthe family members need to have their own interests and recreations.
【翻譯】所有的家庭成員都需要有自己的興趣和休閑方式。
3.diversion [daɪˈvɜ:ʃn]
【例句】Fingerpainting is very messy but an excellent diversion.
【翻譯】用手指畫畫是很臟，但卻是一項極好的消遣。
九、方式方法（way）
1.manner [ˈmænə(r)]
【例句】For now, we need to interpret the law and its guidelines as accurately as we can and to act in a fair manner.
【翻譯】現(xiàn)在，我們需要盡可能準確地闡釋法律和準則，并以公平的方式行動。
2.fashion [ˈfæʃn]
【例句】So "conscious business" might mean, engaging in an occupation, work, ortrade in a mindful, awake fashion.
【翻譯】所以“有意識的商業(yè)”可能意味著用警覺的、醒著的樣式參與一項職業(yè)，工作或者貿(mào)易。
3.approach [əˈprəʊtʃ]
【例句】We will be exploring different approaches to gathering information.
【翻譯】我們將探索收集信息的不同方法。
4.tactic [ˈtæktɪk]
【例句】The giant oilcorporations are earning fabulous profits by cunning tactics.
【翻譯】這些大石油公司以狡詐的手段賺取巨額利潤。
5.means [mi:nz]
【例句】According tosocial learning theories, social interaction is a means by which people acquireattitudes, beliefs, and behaviors.
【翻譯】根據(jù)社會學習理論，社會交往是人們獲得態(tài)度、信念和行為的一種手段。
6.channel [ˈtʃænl]
【例句】The Americansrecognise that the UN can be the channel for greater diplomatic activity.
【翻譯】美國人認識到可以通過聯(lián)合國這個渠道開展更多的外交活動。
十、標準（standard）
1.criteria [kraɪ'tɪərɪə]
【例句】At the moment candidates are selected on a fairly narrow set of criteria such as prior academic and career performance, and analytical and problem solvingabilities.
【翻譯】目前選舉候選人的一系列標準非常狹隘，例如以前的學術和職業(yè)表現(xiàn)，分析和解決問題的能力。
2.norm [nɔ:m]
【例句】We conform to norms so readily that we are hardly aware they exist.
【翻譯】我們很輕而易舉便遵守規(guī)則，所以我們很難意識到他們的存在。
十一、進展（progress）
1.advance [ədˈvɑ:ns]
【例句】Medical technology has advanced considerably...
【翻譯】醫(yī)學技術突飛猛進。
2.headway ['hedweɪ]
【例句】She has made remarkable headway in her writing skills.
【翻譯】她在寫作技巧方面有了長足進步.
十二、渴望希望（hope）
1.desire [dɪˈzaɪə(r)]
【例句】They seem to regain their desire for life.
【翻譯】他們似乎重獲對生活的熱望。
2.eagerness ['i:gənɪs]
【例句】He began to explain with the most considerable eagerness.
【翻譯】他開始解釋，顯得鄭重其事，又萬分熱誠。
3.urge [ɜ:dʒ]
【例句】He had an urge to open a shop of his own...
【翻譯】他很想自己開一家店
4.hunger [ˈhʌŋgə(r)]
【例句】I can't understand why he seems to have no hunger for knowledge.【翻譯】我不明白為什么他看上去對知識毫無興趣。
5.yearning [ˈjɜ:nɪŋ]
【例句】He has always a yearning to be a schoolteacher
【翻譯】他一直想成為一名老師
十三、意識（sense）
1.consciousness [ˈkɒnʃəsnəs]
【例句】He is acutely conscious that this transition will bring with it the risk of socialunrest.
【翻譯】他非常清楚這種轉(zhuǎn)變伴隨著社會*的危險。
2.awareness [əˈweənəs]
【例句】.He introduced radio to the school to increase the children's awareness.
【翻譯】他在學校開通廣播，以提高孩子們的警覺性.
3.perception [pərˈsepʃn]
【例句】Another interesting issue deals with certain cultures' perception of beauty.
【翻譯】另一個有趣的問題與特定文化中美的感知有關。
十四、性格（character）
1.disposition [ˌdɪspəˈzɪʃn]
【例句】Hewas a man of decisive action and an adventurous disposition.
【翻譯】他是一個行動果斷又愛冒險的人。
2.personality [ˌpɜ:səˈnæləti]
【例句】Intoday’s personality stakes, nothing is more highly valued than the sense of humor.
【翻譯】現(xiàn)代的性格特點中，沒有什么比幽默感更有價值。
3.temperament [ˈtemprəmənt]
【例句】His impulsive temperament regularly got him into difficulties...
【翻譯】他容易沖動，經(jīng)常因此惹麻煩。
4.nature [ˈneɪtʃə(r)]
【例句】She feels that her ambitious nature made her unsuitable for an arranged marriage.
【翻譯】她覺得她不安分的個性不適合包辦的婚姻。
十五、承諾（promise）
1.commitment [kəˈmɪtmənt]
【例句】Theymade a commitment to peace.
【翻譯】他們承諾要維護和平。
2.pledge [pledʒ]
【例句】Inthe treaty both sides pledge to respect human rights.
【翻譯】雙方在條約中都承諾將尊重人權。
3.engagement [ɪnˈgeɪdʒmənt]
【例句】Allhis time seems to be taken up with social engagements.
【翻譯】社會約定占據(jù)了他所有的時間
十六、情緒（feeling）
1.mood [mu:d]
【例句】People who struggle with excessive Internet use maybe depressed or have other mooddisorder.
【翻譯】過度使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)可能會導致抑郁癥或其他情緒失控。
2.emotion [ɪˈməʊʃn]
【例句】A tide of emotion rose and clouded his judgement.
【翻譯】心頭涌起一陣強烈的感情，模糊了他的判斷力。
3.sentiment [ˈsentɪmənt]
【例句】He found growing sentiment for military action.
【翻譯】他發(fā)現(xiàn)支持采取軍事行動的情緒日益高漲。
十七、吸引力 ( attraction )
1.appeal [əˈpi:l]
【例句】The game has lost its appeal.
【翻譯】這個游戲失去了吸引力
2.fascination [ˌfæsɪˈneɪʃn]
【例句】Water holds a fascination for most children.
【翻譯】水對多數(shù)孩子都有極大的吸引力。
3.charm [tʃɑ:m]
【例句】Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs', the 1937 Disney classic, has lost none of its original charm.
【翻譯】1937年迪斯尼推出的經(jīng)典之作《白雪公主和七個小矮人》魅力不減當年。
4.lure [lʊə(r)]
【例句】The lure of rural life is proving as strong as ever.
【翻譯】事實證明，鄉(xiāng)村生活的魅力絲毫未減。
5.allurement [ə'ljʊəmənt]
【例句】Money is a kind of allurement for us.
【翻譯】對我們來說金錢是種誘惑物。
6.temptation [tempˈteɪʃn]
【例句】Don't succumb to the temptation to have just one cigarette.
【翻譯】不要經(jīng)不住誘惑，只抽一支煙也不行。
十八、責任(duty)
1.responsibility [rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti]
【例句】Responsibility and moderation were to be the keynotes of their foreign policy.
【翻譯】責任和克制將是他們外交政策的核心
2.obligation [ˌɒblɪˈgeɪʃn]
【例句】Co-operation was more than just an attractive option, it was an obligation.
【翻譯】合作不僅僅是誘人的選擇，它也是一種責任。
3.accountability [əˌkaʊntə'bɪlətɪ]
【例句】Goodmanagement in the police cannot be divorced from accountability.
【翻譯】對警察隊伍的良好管理和應負的責任是分不開的。
十九、選擇(choice)
1.option [ˈɒpʃn]
【例句】The menu changes weekly and usually includes a vegan option.
【翻譯】菜單每周都有變化，通常包含可供嚴格的素食者選擇的菜肴。
2.alternative [ɔ:lˈtɜ:nətɪv]
【例句】You have the alternative of riding or walking.
【翻譯】你可以選擇騎車或者步行。
3.preference [ˈprefrəns]
【例句】Parents can express a preference for the school their child attends...
【翻譯】父母可以表達對自己孩子所上學校的偏好。
4.selection [sɪˈlekʃn]
【例句】There is a wide selection of food available.
【翻譯】有很多可供選擇的食物
二十、契約協(xié)議(agreement)
1.contract [ˈkɒntrækt]
【例句】A formal contract is signed which is renewable annually.
【翻譯】正式簽訂了每年可續(xù)簽的合同。
2.pact [pækt]
【例句】A non-aggression pact will be signed between the two countries.
【翻譯】兩國將簽署互不侵犯條約。
3.treaty [ˈtri:ti]
【例句】The treaty binds them to respect their neighbour's independence.
【翻譯】條約規(guī)定他們必須尊重其鄰國的獨立
二十一、費用(fee)
1.payment [ˈpeɪmənt]
【例句】Thousands of its customers are in arrears with loans and mortgage payments.
【翻譯】有數(shù)千客戶拖欠其貸款和抵押貸款還款
2.cost [kɒst]
【例句】Companiesare moving jobs to towns with a lower cost of living.
【翻譯】各公司正在把工作崗位轉(zhuǎn)移至生活費用較低的城鎮(zhèn)。
3.spending [ˈspendɪŋ]
【例句】He'sa staunch supporter of controls on government spending.
【翻譯】他堅決支持控制政府開支。
4.expense [ɪkˈspens]
【例句】Theywant to cut down their utility expenses
【翻譯】他們想削減公用事業(yè)上的支出。
5.expenditure [ɪkˈspendɪtʃə(r)]
【例句】.Itis questionable whether the expenditure on this project is really justified.
【翻譯】該項目的開支是否真的合理還未可知。
6.toll [təʊl]
【例句】Allvehicles travelling across the bridge have to pay a toll.
【翻譯】所有過橋的車輛都要付過橋費。
二十二、差別差異(difference)
1.distinction [dɪˈstɪŋkʃn]
【例句】Many people make a sharp distinction between humans and other animals.
【翻譯】很多人認為人類和其他動物截然不同。
2.divergence [daɪ'vɜ:dʒəns]
【例句】A minimal error or deviation may result in wide divergence.
【翻譯】失之毫厘,謬以千里.
3.discrepancy [dɪsˈkrepənsi]
【例句】The discrepancy in their ages seemed not to matter.
【翻譯】他們之間年齡的差異似乎沒有多大關系。
二十三、矛盾沖突(conflict)
1.paradox [ˈpærədɒks]
【例句】“More haste, less speed.”is a paradox.
【翻譯】“欲速則不達”是一句似非而是的雋言。
2.contradiction [ˌkɒntrəˈdɪkʃn]
【例句】Once the principal contradiction is grasped, all problems will be readily solved.
【翻譯】一旦抓住了主要矛盾, 一切問題就迎刃而解.
3.controversy [ˈkɒntrəvɜ:si]
【例句】They had a bitter controversy over the question.
【翻譯】他們在這個問題上有很大的爭論。
4.dispute [dɪˈspju:t]
【例句】They agreed to try to settle their dispute by negotiation.
【翻譯】他們同意通過談判來努力解決糾紛。
二十四、趨勢(trend)
1.tendency [ˈtendənsi]
【例句】Matters have taken a new tendency to〔towards〕peace.
【翻譯】事態(tài)有了向和平方向發(fā)展的新趨勢。
2.inclination[ˌɪnklɪˈneɪʃn]
【例句】He did not show the slightest inclination to leave.
【翻譯】他絲毫沒有表現(xiàn)出要離開的意思。
副詞類
一、幾乎不(hardly)
1.barely [ˈbeəli]
【例句】We could barely see the other cars because of the fog.
【翻譯】因為有霧，我們幾乎看不到別的汽車。
2.scarcely [ˈskeəsli]
【例句】His style could scarcely be further removed from that of his predecessor.
【翻譯】他的風格幾乎和他的前輩如出一轍。
二、立即，馬上(immediately)
1.promptly [ˈprɒmptli]
【例句】Responding promptly to accidents and other emergencies is important, but it is their smallest job.
【翻譯】及時響應事故和其他緊急情況是很重要的，但這是他們最基本的工作
2.instantly [ˈɪnstəntli]
【例句】I recognized her instantly she entered the room.
【翻譯】她一進房間我就認出了她。
三、提前(before)
1.prior to [ˈpraɪə(r)]
【例句】Prior to that time, buffalo had roamed the Great Plains in tremendous numbers.
【翻譯】在那個時間之前，很多野牛出沒于大平原上。
2.previously ['pri:vɪəslɪ]
【例句】The device had been used operationally some months previously.
【翻譯】該設備幾個月之前曾投入運行。
3.in advance [ədˈvɑ:ns]
【例句】Clients normally pay fees in advance, monthly, quarterly, or yearly.
【翻譯】客戶通常按月、季度或年度預付費用。