2019年6月英語四級語法用法辨析:sure與certain的用法與區(qū)別

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    四六級頻道為備考英語四六級的同學整理了《2019年6月英語四級語法用法辨析:sure與certain的用法與區(qū)別》一文,希望可以為大家?guī)韼椭?,預祝大家高分通過本次考試!
    
    2019年6月大學英語四級語法用法辨析匯總
    英語四級語法用法辨析:sure與certain的用法與區(qū)別
    一、兩者在用法上的相同點
    兩者都可用作表語,表示“一定”或“確信”,有時可互換?;Q的場合應注意以下幾點用法:
    1. 表示說話者的態(tài)度或看法
    即表示說話者自己的態(tài)度或看法,其意為“一定會”“肯定會”。此時主要用法有:
    (1) 單獨用作表語。如:
    One thing was sure [certain]: they'd be late. 有一件事是確定無疑的,他們會遲到。
    (2) 后接不定式。如:
    He's certain [sure] to win. 他一定會成功。
    They're certain [sure] to need help. 他們肯定需要幫助。
    If you do this, you are certain [sure] to be found out. 如果你這樣做一定會被發(fā)現(xiàn)。
    2. 表示句子主語的判斷或信念
    即表示句子主語對某一情況的判斷或信念,其意為“相信”“確信”“有把握”等。此時通常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu):
    (1) 后接of [about] sth。如:
    He is certain [sure] of success. 他確信會成功。
    Are you certain of [about] that? 你對此有把握嗎?
    (2) 后接 of doing sth。如:
    Our team is certain [sure] of winning. 我們隊有把握贏。
    You can be sure [certain] of his agreeing. 你可以放心他會同意。
    比較同義句:
    He is certain [sure] of winning.
    =He is sure [certain] that he will win. 他自信會贏。
    (3) 后接 that / whether / if 從句。如:
    I am sure [certain] that he is honest. 我肯定他是誠實的。
    I'm sure [certain] that it's not your fault. 我敢肯定這不是你的錯。
    Are you certain [sure] that this is the right road? 你肯定這條路對嗎?
    注:當be sure [certain]為肯定式或疑問式時,后接that從句;當be sure [certain]為否定式時,后接whether [if]從句。如:
    I'm not sure [certain] whether he still works there. 我不能肯定他是否還在那里工作。
    I wasn't sure [certain] whether he would agree. 我不太肯定他是否會同意。
    He wasn't sure [certain] whether he would be able to get back in time. 他不能肯定他是否能準時回來。
    (4) 后接其他從句。如:
    I'm not sure [certain] where she lives. 我不能肯定她住在哪里。
    I'm not certain [sure] who wrote it. 我不太清楚這是誰寫的。
    二、只能用certain的情形
    以下情況通常只用certain,而不用sure:
    1. 當句中用了形式主語或形式賓語 it 時。如:
    It's certain that he'll come tomorrow. 他明天肯定會來。
    I thought it certain that he would be late. 我肯定他會遲到。
    It's certain that prices will go up. 價格肯定會上漲。
    It's not certain how much it will cost. 這要花多少錢還不確定。
    2. 當表示“某一”“某些”時。如:
    A certain Mr Green wants to see you. 有個叫格林先生的人想見你。
    Certain plants are good to eat but others are not. 有些植物好吃, 而其他一些則不好吃。
    三、只能用sure的情形
    在 Be sure (not) to do sth.(一定要或不要做某事)這類祈使句中通常不用 certain。如:
    Be sure not to forget it. 千萬別忘記啦。
    Be sure to get there before nine. 務必在九點前到達。
    Be sure to turn off the light when leave. 離開時一定要關(guān)燈。
    四、兩者在習語中的用法
    1. 用于 for certain / for sure, 意為“肯定地”“確切地”等,兩者可互換。如:
    I can't say for certain [sure] when he will come. 我不敢肯定地說他什么時候來。
    No one knows for sure [certain] what happened to her. 沒有人確切地知道她出了什么事。
    2. 用于 make certain / make sure,意為“弄清楚”“弄得有把握”,兩者可互換。如:
    They made certain [sure] (that) they weren't late. 他們有把握不遲到。
    I think there's a train at 10:40, but you'd better make certain [sure] of it. 我想10:40有趟火車,但你去核實一下。