初中英語(yǔ)聽力常考的英語(yǔ)對(duì)話

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    英語(yǔ)聽力總讓許多同學(xué)感到害怕,就連英語(yǔ)成績(jī)不錯(cuò)的同學(xué)們也表示做起來有壓力,那么怎樣才能攻克聽力這個(gè)難關(guān)呢? 熟悉幾類常見情景,掌握特定情景中的常用表達(dá),是做好聽力的關(guān)鍵!下面這篇文章是為大家總結(jié)了常用對(duì)話,每天讀一讀,期末考聽力一定有提高!
    【打電話(Making phone calls)】
    1、請(qǐng)給某人/某單位打電話
    Would/could/can you ring up...?請(qǐng)你...打電話好吧?
    句中ring up意思是“給某人打電話”,除了用ring up外,還可用call, call up, telephone 等,意思相同 can you...?用得最普通:could/would you...?用在正式場(chǎng)合,比較禮貌。
    2、電話撥不通時(shí)常說:
    The line is busy , I can‘t get through.電話占線,我打不通。
    / I’ll try again later.我過一會(huì)兒再打.
    其中l(wèi)ine指電話線路,get through 指接通電話。
    3、電話撥通后相互打招呼:
    Hello,(name or telephone number)你好,(并通報(bào)本人的姓名或單位名稱或電話號(hào)碼)Hello,is that...speaking?你是...嗎? / Who is that speaking/calling?你是誰(shuí)?/ Who is speaking/calling, please?你是誰(shuí)?
    應(yīng)答時(shí)常說:Yes,(this is)...speaking. 是的,我是..../ Yes, it‘s...here. 我是....
    4、打電話請(qǐng)對(duì)方找人或留言:
    Is...in/at home? 某某在家嗎?/ Can/may/could I speak to..., please?請(qǐng)...接電話好嗎?/ Will/would you give a message to..., please?請(qǐng)給...捎個(gè)口信好嗎? / Would you tell him my telephone number, please? 請(qǐng)你把我的電話號(hào)碼告訴他好嗎?/ Can/could you ask...to ring me back, please?請(qǐng)叫...給我回個(gè)電話好嗎?
    應(yīng)答時(shí)常說:
    Hold on/Wait a minute/One moment, please. 請(qǐng)等一等 / I‘m sorry...is not in./at home now.對(duì)不起,...現(xiàn)在不在 / Can I take a message? 我能給你捎口信好嗎?/ Does he have your telephone number?他有你的電話號(hào)碼嗎?/ I’ll ask him to call you back. 我叫他給你回電話
     
    【勸告和建議(Advice and suggestion)】
    1、You‘d better (not)do sth... 你(不)干..../ You should do sth. 你應(yīng)該干..../ You need(to)do sth. 你需要干....
    2、Why don‘t you do sth? 為什么不..../ Why not do sth? 為什么不....這是以反問的方式提出勸告或建議,含有建議對(duì)方去干某事的意思,而不是詢問對(duì)方為何不去干某事的原因.
    3、What/How about +名詞或動(dòng)名詞...? 這種句型表達(dá)隨便的建議,有征求對(duì)方意見的意思,多數(shù)情況下是建議和對(duì)方一起做某事。
    4、“Shall we...?”這種句型用于建議對(duì)方與自己一起做什么,是一種普通的表示建議的方法。它和“Let‘s..., shall we?”句型可以互換,在回答時(shí),如果贊成這個(gè)建議,常用“Yes, let's…”或“OK, let’s…”
    5、用suggest作謂語(yǔ)的陳述句
    這種句子用于表達(dá)比較正式的建議,在會(huì)議上和討論中使用較多,也常用于書面形式,后面常跟名詞、動(dòng)名詞或that從句作賓語(yǔ).注意跟從句時(shí),從句中動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)詞原形式should+動(dòng)詞原形。
    6、用Let‘s開頭的祈使句
    這是最普通的表達(dá)建議的方法,建議對(duì)方和自己一起做什么.let's后接動(dòng)詞原形.若句尾加上“shall we?”, “OK?”等用于征求對(duì)方法的詞語(yǔ),從而使語(yǔ)氣委婉得多。
    注意:對(duì)對(duì)方的建議表示同意時(shí)常用的答語(yǔ)為:
    Great太好了,That‘s a good idea.真是個(gè)好主意。對(duì)對(duì)方的建議表示不同意,或根本不能滿足對(duì)方的要求而表示歉意時(shí)的常用答語(yǔ)為: I’m afraid that... 我擔(dān)心....,我恐怕.....I‘m afraid not. 恐拍不行。
    7、用should,ought to等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞來表示“勸告”
    8、用動(dòng)詞advise,名詞advice表示勸告
    【表示問候(Expressing greetings)】
    1、直接問候
    一般打招呼用語(yǔ),答語(yǔ)通常是重復(fù)對(duì)方的話
    Hello.你好!Hi嗨!Good morning(afternoon, evening)早上(下午、晚上)好
    2.您好!初次見面打招呼的用語(yǔ)How do you do? / Glad to meet you.
    答語(yǔ)也是“How do you do? / Glad to meet you.”
    3.對(duì)有一段時(shí)候沒有見面的熟人可選用這些句型:How are you?/ How have you been?你(您)好嗎?
    答語(yǔ)往往是:“Fine, thank you. And you?”
    4.向認(rèn)識(shí)但不常見面的人打招呼,可選用這些表達(dá)法. How‘s everything with you?/ How is everything going? / How are you getting on? / What’s no/ up? 近來怎么樣?
    答語(yǔ)可用:“Pretty well“/ ” Very well“ ”Everything is OK(一切順利)“Not too bad“還好”
    5.對(duì)于不認(rèn)識(shí)想要叫他(她)停下來時(shí),可選用這些說法:Hey, sir(madam)喂,先生(小姐)/ Just a moment, sir(madam)等一下,先生(小姐)注意:此時(shí)不能說:“Hey! You!”
    2、間接問候
    1.Please give one‘s(one’s 代表不同人稱的物主代詞(如: my, our... 等) regards/best wishes/ love to.../ Please remember me to sb.請(qǐng)向某人問好/請(qǐng)向某人致意。
    2.“Say hi/hello to...(from me)”意為“向...致意/問候”.這相當(dāng)于Please give my best regards/wishes to...(請(qǐng)代我向...問好)的意思。
    對(duì)于上述問候,其答語(yǔ)為:Of course/Sure , I will等。
     
    【感謝與應(yīng)答(Thanks and responses)
    Thank you/ Thanks謝謝! / Thank you very much非常感謝! / Thank you so much/ Thanks a lot多謝 / Thank you very much indeed 應(yīng)該好好感謝你 / Thanks a million萬(wàn)分感謝! / I don‘t know how to thank you真不知該怎樣感謝你I’m really grateful to you.非常感謝你! That‘s most kind of you你心眼兒真好/ You’re kind! 你真好。
    如果別人想為你辦事,可你覺得不必麻煩他或者別人替你辦事沒有辦成但你還要感謝他,這時(shí)你可以說:
    Thank you just the same.同樣感謝你的好意 / Thank you all the same.同樣得感謝你 / It‘s very considerate of you.你考慮得真周到!/ It’s most thoughtful of you.你想得真周到!
    在回答別人的感謝時(shí),常說:
    You‘re welcome不客氣 / Not at all 沒事兒 / Don’t mention it 不用謝 / It‘s my pleasure 我很樂意. / No trouble at all 一點(diǎn)也不麻煩 / It was the least I could do 這是我應(yīng)該做的/ I’m glad I could do it.我很高興能這么做 / That‘s all right.沒關(guān)系,不用謝 / I’m delighted to have been able to do that for you 能為你效勞我很高興 / It‘s really nothing at all 算不了什么,不用謝
    【介紹(Introductions)】
    介紹某人的常用表達(dá)式
    I‘ll introduce you.我來給你介紹......../ I want to introduce.....我想介紹.... / May I introduce you to...? 我把你介紹給...好嗎? / I’d like you to meet... 我想讓你見見.... / It‘s with great pleasure that I introduce.....to you.很榮幸讓我介紹.......給你./ Let me introduce you to......讓我把你介紹給....... / By the way, do you know......? 順便問一問,你認(rèn)識(shí).......嗎?
    對(duì)介紹的應(yīng)答
    How do you do? 你好!/ I‘m pleased to know you.很高興認(rèn)識(shí)你./ Very glad to meet you.很高興認(rèn)識(shí)你./ Nice to meet you.很高興認(rèn)識(shí)你. / It’s a pleasure to meet you.認(rèn)識(shí)你很高興。
    【祝愿、祝賀及應(yīng)答(Good wishes, congratulations and responses)】
    1、當(dāng)某人取得成功時(shí)
    I have passed the examination! 我已經(jīng)通過考試了.
    Congratulations(to you)祝賀你!
    2、當(dāng)某人外出旅行時(shí)
    Good luck with your trip! 祝您們旅途平安! Have a good trip/journey.=I wish you a good trip/journey.祝你旅途愉快,祝你一路順風(fēng)。/ Good trip to you./Nice journey to you.祝你旅途愉快 / Have a nice/pleasant/wonderful time.=I wish you a nice/pleasant/wonderful time.祝你過得愉快,祝你玩得痛快。
    3、當(dāng)某人生日時(shí) A: Happy birthday to you;生日快樂!B: Thank you!謝謝!
    4、當(dāng)某人即將做某事時(shí)
    A:I will take the exams tomorrow.我明天將參加考試.B: Good luck (to you)?。↖ wish you success?。┳D樌。ㄗD晒Γ。?BR>    注:上述幾點(diǎn)中祝愿(賀)的回答可用. Thanks./thank you/thanks a lot.或It‘s kind of you to say so.謝謝. /多謝. /謝謝您./謝謝你這么說。
    5、在公共節(jié)日里
    A: Happy New Year(to you)! 新年快樂!
    B: Thanks. The same to you?。℉appy New Year to you, too?。┲x謝!您也一樣?。ㄒ沧D履昕鞓罚。?BR>    【請(qǐng)求允許和應(yīng)答(Asking for permission and responses)】
    1、Can I/Could I/May I...? 我可不可以...?
    這個(gè)是請(qǐng)求對(duì)方允許自己做某事的最普通的交際用語(yǔ),其中could I...?語(yǔ)氣最婉轉(zhuǎn);May I...? 常用在比較正式的場(chǎng)合;Can I...? 用得最廣泛。
    對(duì)于所提出的請(qǐng)求表示允許或同意時(shí),可說:Yes./Sure./Certainly.當(dāng)然可以.Of course, you may.當(dāng)然可以.Yes, do please.請(qǐng)吧。Go ahead, please.請(qǐng)吧。That‘s Ok. /all right. 好的。
    對(duì)于所提出的請(qǐng)求表示不允許或不同意時(shí),可說:No, pleased don‘t.請(qǐng)不要./I’m sorry you can‘t.對(duì)不起,你不可以/...I’m sorry, but...對(duì)不起,但是.... /You‘d better not...你別....
    2、Do you mind if I do...?
    這是用來表示“請(qǐng)求許可”的交際用語(yǔ).句中的mind作“介意”、“反對(duì)”解.整句的意思是“如果我干某事,你反對(duì)/介意嗎?”或“我干某事,”好嗎?注意:當(dāng)我們用“Do you mind if...”時(shí),if從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用現(xiàn)在時(shí);當(dāng)我們用“Would you mind if...”時(shí),if從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用過去時(shí),這時(shí)語(yǔ)氣更加婉轉(zhuǎn).應(yīng)答時(shí),如果表示“允許/不介意”,常說:No, I don‘t mind. 我不介意/我允許。Certainly not / Of course not. 當(dāng)然不介意.No, go ahead. 不介意,你干吧.Not at all. 一點(diǎn)也不介意。如果表示“不允許/介意”時(shí),常說:I’m sorry you can‘t...很抱歉,你不能....I’m afraid....恐怕....I‘m afraid it’s not allowed. 恐怕這是不允許的.
    3、I wonder if I could/can...? 我想知道我能否...?
    這也是用來表示“請(qǐng)求許可”的交際用語(yǔ).句中的wonder作“想知道”解,后面常跟if從句.整個(gè)句子的意思是“我想知道我是否可以......?”用以委婉地提出請(qǐng)求。應(yīng)答時(shí),如果允許,常說:Sure, go ahead./Yes, please do.可以,請(qǐng)吧. Yes/Of course/Certainly. 當(dāng)然可以,如果不允許,可以說: I‘m sorry, but... 對(duì)不起,...I’m afraid not. 恐怕不行.No, please don‘t. 請(qǐng)不要.......You’d better not... 你別.....
    【請(qǐng)求(Requests)】
    1、用may(can, could),來表達(dá)
    表示同意請(qǐng)求的應(yīng)答:yes, you may(can)是的/certainly(=of course/Sure.)當(dāng)然可以/Yes, do please,好的,請(qǐng)吧。
    注:上述回答中can不能換成could因?yàn)閏ould在一般疑問句中表示委婉的請(qǐng)求,而在肯定句中,則無(wú)此功能.
    表示不同意請(qǐng)求的應(yīng)答:No, you mustn‘t,不可以/No, you can’t,不能.No, you‘d better not你不這樣/Please don’t 請(qǐng)不要這樣/Sorry, I‘m afraid not,對(duì)不起,恐怕不能。
    2、用Shall來表達(dá)
    表示同意的請(qǐng)求應(yīng)答:Yes, I‘d like to.好的,我愿意./All right(=OK)好的/(That’s a)Good idea 好主意./Yes, Let‘s.好的,讓我們走吧.
    表示不同意請(qǐng)求的應(yīng)答:Please don‘t.請(qǐng)不要這樣./I don’t think so.我認(rèn)為不要這樣./I‘m afraid not,恐怕不能
    3、用Would, Will, Would(Will)you please...?/Would you like...? 來表達(dá)
    表示同意請(qǐng)求的應(yīng)答:Yes, I‘d like to.(=Yes, I’d love to.=Yes, I‘ll be glad to.=Yes, I should I like to)是的,我愿意./With pleasure.十分愿意.
    注:上述回答中介詞to均不能省略.
    表示不同意請(qǐng)求的應(yīng)答:I‘d like (love)to, but I’m busy,我很想,但我很忙./I‘m sorry, but I’m busy.對(duì)不起,我很忙./I‘m afraid not恐怕不能./I’d really like to, but I have no time.我的確很愿意,可我沒時(shí)間.
    4、用please 來表達(dá).
    表示同意請(qǐng)求的應(yīng)答:OK,(=All right.)好的./of course.(=Sure.=Certainly.)當(dāng)然可以./With pleasure.十分愿意。
    表示不同意請(qǐng)求的應(yīng)答:I‘m sorry, but I’m busy,對(duì)不起,我很忙,/I‘m afraid not 恐怕不行。
    【道歉和應(yīng)答(Apologize and responses)】
    Excuse me for...... 請(qǐng)?jiān)徫?...../ Pardon me for....... 請(qǐng)?jiān)徫?....../ I‘m really sorry for..... / 我真為.......感到抱歉.I’m awfully sorry. I don‘t mean to...... 我非常抱歉,我無(wú)意....../ I’m so sorry. It‘s all my fault. 我十分抱歉,都是我的過錯(cuò)./ I’m terribly sorry about..... 我對(duì)......非常抱歉./ It was wrong of me to do....... 做......是我的過錯(cuò)./ I really feel bad about...... 我真對(duì)........感到難過 ./ I regret that...... 我后悔......./ I do apologize about......我對(duì).......表示道歉. / I hope you‘ll pardon me for....希望你能原諒我....... / I must make an apology for.....我必須對(duì).....表示道歉 ./ Please forgive me for......請(qǐng)?jiān)徫?......
    對(duì)道歉的反應(yīng)
    It really isn‘t worth mentioning.實(shí)在不值得一提.Don’t say more about it.不要再提它了.Never mind, it doesn‘t really matter.沒關(guān)系,真的不要緊.Please don’t worry about it.請(qǐng)別為這事?lián)?It‘s nothing serious.沒有什么關(guān)系.Please think nothing of it.請(qǐng)別想它了.Well,it’s one of those things.哦,這是常有的事.That‘s all right.沒關(guān)系.Please don’t blame yourself.請(qǐng)別責(zé)備自己.Forget thinking of it.別再想它了
    【邀請(qǐng)與應(yīng)答(Invitation and responses)】
    1、用一般疑問句形式
    Will / would / can / could you come to...? 是被邀請(qǐng)人接受的可能性較大.表示“請(qǐng)您來...好嗎?”。例如:
    Will you come to take part in my party? 你來參加我的聚會(huì)好嗎?
    Would you like +名詞(代詞) / 不定式 / sb.+不定式?
    此句型表示“您愿意...?或你是否愿意...?”,此時(shí)邀請(qǐng)人不知對(duì)方是否接受邀請(qǐng),是商量、詢問及試探性的邀請(qǐng)、請(qǐng)求或表示個(gè)人的想法、看法。 例如:
    Would you like to go there with him? 你愿意與他一道去那兒?jiǎn)幔?BR>    B:Yes, I‘d like(love) to好的,我愿意.(類似肯定表達(dá)法:Yes, I’d be happy to.好的,我很樂意.Yes,
    it‘s very kind / nice of you to invite me. 好的,謝謝您邀請(qǐng)我。
    Yes,it’s very kind of you. 真是太好了,謝謝。
    2、用陳述句形式
    I like sb. to do sth./ I‘d like you to come to....這是向某人發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)的常見句式。表示“希望(想叫)某人做某事”,常與would連用,是一種客氣的邀請(qǐng)。例如:
    A :I‘d like to invite you to see a film with me.我想請(qǐng)你和我一起去看電影.
    B: I‘d like(love) to, but I’m very busy.我很想,但我很忙.(類似委婉拒絕表達(dá)法:I‘d love to....I’m afraid我想去,恐怕...,Thank you for inviting me.)
    It‘s very kind of you to invite me, but I’m busy.謝謝你邀請(qǐng)我,但我很忙.)