水滴石穿，繩鋸木斷。備考也需要一點點積累才能到達好的效果。為您提供2020考研英語?？级陶Z及句型集錦， 鞏固所學(xué)知識并靈活運用，考試時會更得心應(yīng)手。快來看看吧！
1.as 引導(dǎo)的特殊狀語叢句，翻譯時作定語叢句處理
例："In short", a leader of the new school contends , "the scientific revolution ,as we all it,was largely the improvement and invention and use of a instruments that expanded the reach of science in innumerable directinons." [譯文] 新學(xué)派的一位領(lǐng)袖人物堅持說：“簡言之，我們所稱之為的科學(xué)革命，主要是指一系列器具的改進、發(fā)明和使用。這些改進、發(fā)明和使用使科學(xué)發(fā)展的范圍無所不及?！?BR> 2.anyting but 根本不;nothing but 只不過是;all but 幾乎，差一點;除……以外其余都是;but for 要不是;but +叢句，若不是……
例1.：Alone in a deserted house , he was so busy with his rescarch work that he felt anything but lonely.[譯文]：雖然他孤獨一人住在這幢房子里，但他埋頭于研究工作，一點也沒有感到孤獨。
[注釋]：句中 anything but 意為 except。試對比：He seldom talked of anyting butthe experssion of the necessary mode of working of the human mind ; it is simply the mode by all phenomena are reasoned about and given precise and exact explanation.[譯文]：科學(xué)研究的方法不過是人類思維活的的必要表達方式，也就是對一切現(xiàn)象進行思索并給以精確而嚴謹?shù)谋磉_方式。
例3.The party was all but over when we arrived. [譯文]：我們到達時，聚會已近尾聲。
[注釋]：此句中 all but 意為 nearly , almost。
例4.But for the rain, we would have had a nice holiday。[譯文]：要不是因為下雨，我們的假日一定過得很愜意。
3.“名詞，+or +名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中or后的名詞是同位語，應(yīng)譯為“即……;或者稱……”
例：Moreover , technology includes techniques, or ways to do things ,as well as the machines that may or may not be necessary to apply them. [譯文]：再者，除機器外技術(shù)還包括技藝，即制作方法，而運用這些技藝并不一定都需要機器。
4.“...，only to +動詞”意為“……，結(jié)果卻……”
例:They don"t have to pay for expensive seats at the theatre , the cinema or the opera ,only to discover,perhaps, that the show is disappionting .[譯文]：他們不必花錢去戲院、電*或歌劇院買價格很貴的戲票，結(jié)果卻發(fā)現(xiàn)，所演的節(jié)目令人失望。
[注釋]：“..., only to +v.”表示句子謂語動作的目的相反結(jié)果。
5. not nearly 永遠不
例：Food supply will not increase nearly enough to match this , which means that we are heading into a crisis in the matter of producing and marketing food.[譯文]：食品供應(yīng)將遠遠趕不上人口的增長，這就意味著我們在糧食的生產(chǎn)和購銷方面正面臨危機。
6. not so much ... as ... 與其說……不如說……
例1.Science moves forward , they say , not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like imporoved techniques and tools. [譯文]：他們說，科學(xué)的發(fā)展與其說源于天才偉人的真知灼見，不如說源于改進了的技術(shù)和工具等更為普通的東西。
例2.The conveniences that Americans desire reflect not so much a leisurely lifestyle as busy lifestyle in which even minutes of time are too valuable to be wasted。 [譯文]：美國人所需要的各種便利條件與其說是反映一種從容不迫的生活方式，還不如說反映一種忙碌的生活方式。在這種忙碌的生活方式中甚至幾分鐘時間都得珍惜。
[注釋]：1) not so much as 連在一起寫，則意為“連……都不(肯)”
如：He didn"t so much as thank me for returning his money that I find .
我把找到的錢還給他，他卻連謝都不肯謝。
2)該句型有時也用 not so much ... but ...
如：The important thing is not so much the actual population of the world , but its rate of increase. 重要的與其說是世界的實際人口量，還不如說是人口的增長率。
3).要注意“not so much ... but ... ”與“not so +形容詞+but+叢句”之意的區(qū)別，后者意為“雖然……但是……”
例如：The bridge was not so crowded but the bicycles could go through.這橋上雖然很擁擠，但是自行車還能穿過去。
7.much less , still less 引導(dǎo)的詞組或叢句，表示一種追加的否定，less是由little 的否定意義而來的，所以這兩個詞組只能用于否定句中，意為“更不必說”。to say nothing of , not to speak of , not to mention , let alone 意為“更不消說”，也是一種追補的說法。但它們與 much less 和 still less 有所不同，這些詞組可以隨前一句的意思而定。前一句是肯定，則追加的也是肯定意義。如果前一句是否定，則追加的也是否定意義。
例1.I could not agree to , much less paticipate in such proceedings. [譯文]：我不能同意這種行為，更談不上參加這些行動了。
例2.He knows little of mathematics , and still less of chemistry.(1991 年考研試題)[譯文]：他幾乎不懂數(shù)學(xué)，更不用說化學(xué)了。)
例3. In old China , there was hardly any machine-building industry, to say nothing of an eletronic industry.(1985 年考研試題) [譯文]：在舊中國，幾乎沒有什么機器制作工業(yè)，更不用說電子工業(yè)了。
例4.I don"t konw algebra or geomtry , not to mention calculus. [譯文]：我連代數(shù)幾何都不懂，更不必說微積分了。
例5. I can"t add two and tow , let alone do fraction.[譯文]：我2加2都不會，更不用說做分數(shù)題了。
注意：《美國成語詞典》認為 let alone 只能用于追加的否定，但是，有的詞典認為，該短語也可以引導(dǎo)追加的肯定。例如：There were five people in the car , let alone the luggage and the two dogs .車里已經(jīng)坐了五個人了，行李和那兩條狗就不帶走了。
8. no more ... than ... 和……一樣都不……
例1. The heart is no more intelligent than the stomach , for they are both controlled by the brain.( 1994 年考研試題) [譯文]：心臟和胃一樣都無智力可言，因為它們都是由大腦控制的。
例2. There is no reason they should limit how much vitamin you take , any more than they can limit how much water you drink.( 1993年考研試題) [譯文]：他們沒有理由限制你服用多少維他命，就像他們不能限制你喝多少水一樣。
9. more ... than ... 與其……不如……
例1. He is a man who is more brave than wise.[譯文]：與其說他是一個勇敢的人，不如說他是一個聰明人。
[注釋]：1). more ... than 常用來比較同一個人或者同一個事物的兩種不同特征。又如：He is more mad than stupid.他與其說是笨，不如說是瘋。
2). more than +叢句(句中有 can 或 could )：實在不能……。
例如：Some of the suggestions are more than we can accept .有些建議我們實在不能接受。
3). not more +名詞+than +句詞：與……一樣(是)
如：A big elephant is not more an animal than a little cat is.大象和小貓也一樣是動物。
4). (be) more of a ... than a ... ：與其說是……不如說是……，如：He is more of a politican than a scholar.與其說他是個學(xué)者，不如說是個政客。
10. no less than 簡直是，實在是
例1. It is no less than blackmail to ask such a high price.[譯文]：如此索要高價，簡直是敲詐。
1.as 引導(dǎo)的特殊狀語叢句，翻譯時作定語叢句處理
例："In short", a leader of the new school contends , "the scientific revolution ,as we all it,was largely the improvement and invention and use of a instruments that expanded the reach of science in innumerable directinons." [譯文] 新學(xué)派的一位領(lǐng)袖人物堅持說：“簡言之，我們所稱之為的科學(xué)革命，主要是指一系列器具的改進、發(fā)明和使用。這些改進、發(fā)明和使用使科學(xué)發(fā)展的范圍無所不及?！?BR> 2.anyting but 根本不;nothing but 只不過是;all but 幾乎，差一點;除……以外其余都是;but for 要不是;but +叢句，若不是……
例1.：Alone in a deserted house , he was so busy with his rescarch work that he felt anything but lonely.[譯文]：雖然他孤獨一人住在這幢房子里，但他埋頭于研究工作，一點也沒有感到孤獨。
[注釋]：句中 anything but 意為 except。試對比：He seldom talked of anyting butthe experssion of the necessary mode of working of the human mind ; it is simply the mode by all phenomena are reasoned about and given precise and exact explanation.[譯文]：科學(xué)研究的方法不過是人類思維活的的必要表達方式，也就是對一切現(xiàn)象進行思索并給以精確而嚴謹?shù)谋磉_方式。
例3.The party was all but over when we arrived. [譯文]：我們到達時，聚會已近尾聲。
[注釋]：此句中 all but 意為 nearly , almost。
例4.But for the rain, we would have had a nice holiday。[譯文]：要不是因為下雨，我們的假日一定過得很愜意。
3.“名詞，+or +名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中or后的名詞是同位語，應(yīng)譯為“即……;或者稱……”
例：Moreover , technology includes techniques, or ways to do things ,as well as the machines that may or may not be necessary to apply them. [譯文]：再者，除機器外技術(shù)還包括技藝，即制作方法，而運用這些技藝并不一定都需要機器。
4.“...，only to +動詞”意為“……，結(jié)果卻……”
例:They don"t have to pay for expensive seats at the theatre , the cinema or the opera ,only to discover,perhaps, that the show is disappionting .[譯文]：他們不必花錢去戲院、電*或歌劇院買價格很貴的戲票，結(jié)果卻發(fā)現(xiàn)，所演的節(jié)目令人失望。
[注釋]：“..., only to +v.”表示句子謂語動作的目的相反結(jié)果。
5. not nearly 永遠不
例：Food supply will not increase nearly enough to match this , which means that we are heading into a crisis in the matter of producing and marketing food.[譯文]：食品供應(yīng)將遠遠趕不上人口的增長，這就意味著我們在糧食的生產(chǎn)和購銷方面正面臨危機。
6. not so much ... as ... 與其說……不如說……
例1.Science moves forward , they say , not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like imporoved techniques and tools. [譯文]：他們說，科學(xué)的發(fā)展與其說源于天才偉人的真知灼見，不如說源于改進了的技術(shù)和工具等更為普通的東西。
例2.The conveniences that Americans desire reflect not so much a leisurely lifestyle as busy lifestyle in which even minutes of time are too valuable to be wasted。 [譯文]：美國人所需要的各種便利條件與其說是反映一種從容不迫的生活方式，還不如說反映一種忙碌的生活方式。在這種忙碌的生活方式中甚至幾分鐘時間都得珍惜。
[注釋]：1) not so much as 連在一起寫，則意為“連……都不(肯)”
如：He didn"t so much as thank me for returning his money that I find .
我把找到的錢還給他，他卻連謝都不肯謝。
2)該句型有時也用 not so much ... but ...
如：The important thing is not so much the actual population of the world , but its rate of increase. 重要的與其說是世界的實際人口量，還不如說是人口的增長率。
3).要注意“not so much ... but ... ”與“not so +形容詞+but+叢句”之意的區(qū)別，后者意為“雖然……但是……”
例如：The bridge was not so crowded but the bicycles could go through.這橋上雖然很擁擠，但是自行車還能穿過去。
7.much less , still less 引導(dǎo)的詞組或叢句，表示一種追加的否定，less是由little 的否定意義而來的，所以這兩個詞組只能用于否定句中，意為“更不必說”。to say nothing of , not to speak of , not to mention , let alone 意為“更不消說”，也是一種追補的說法。但它們與 much less 和 still less 有所不同，這些詞組可以隨前一句的意思而定。前一句是肯定，則追加的也是肯定意義。如果前一句是否定，則追加的也是否定意義。
例1.I could not agree to , much less paticipate in such proceedings. [譯文]：我不能同意這種行為，更談不上參加這些行動了。
例2.He knows little of mathematics , and still less of chemistry.(1991 年考研試題)[譯文]：他幾乎不懂數(shù)學(xué)，更不用說化學(xué)了。)
例3. In old China , there was hardly any machine-building industry, to say nothing of an eletronic industry.(1985 年考研試題) [譯文]：在舊中國，幾乎沒有什么機器制作工業(yè)，更不用說電子工業(yè)了。
例4.I don"t konw algebra or geomtry , not to mention calculus. [譯文]：我連代數(shù)幾何都不懂，更不必說微積分了。
例5. I can"t add two and tow , let alone do fraction.[譯文]：我2加2都不會，更不用說做分數(shù)題了。
注意：《美國成語詞典》認為 let alone 只能用于追加的否定，但是，有的詞典認為，該短語也可以引導(dǎo)追加的肯定。例如：There were five people in the car , let alone the luggage and the two dogs .車里已經(jīng)坐了五個人了，行李和那兩條狗就不帶走了。
8. no more ... than ... 和……一樣都不……
例1. The heart is no more intelligent than the stomach , for they are both controlled by the brain.( 1994 年考研試題) [譯文]：心臟和胃一樣都無智力可言，因為它們都是由大腦控制的。
例2. There is no reason they should limit how much vitamin you take , any more than they can limit how much water you drink.( 1993年考研試題) [譯文]：他們沒有理由限制你服用多少維他命，就像他們不能限制你喝多少水一樣。
9. more ... than ... 與其……不如……
例1. He is a man who is more brave than wise.[譯文]：與其說他是一個勇敢的人，不如說他是一個聰明人。
[注釋]：1). more ... than 常用來比較同一個人或者同一個事物的兩種不同特征。又如：He is more mad than stupid.他與其說是笨，不如說是瘋。
2). more than +叢句(句中有 can 或 could )：實在不能……。
例如：Some of the suggestions are more than we can accept .有些建議我們實在不能接受。
3). not more +名詞+than +句詞：與……一樣(是)
如：A big elephant is not more an animal than a little cat is.大象和小貓也一樣是動物。
4). (be) more of a ... than a ... ：與其說是……不如說是……，如：He is more of a politican than a scholar.與其說他是個學(xué)者，不如說是個政客。
10. no less than 簡直是，實在是
例1. It is no less than blackmail to ask such a high price.[譯文]：如此索要高價，簡直是敲詐。