新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)Lesson4~6重要句型及語(yǔ)法

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    新概念系列教材的經(jīng)典早已不言而喻。其文章短小精悍,語(yǔ)句幽默詼諧,語(yǔ)法全面系統(tǒng),歷來(lái)被公認(rèn)為是適合大多數(shù)中學(xué)生課外學(xué)習(xí)的資料之一。為您整理了以下內(nèi)容,僅供參考。希望可以幫助到您!如果您想要了解更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容,歡迎關(guān)注!
    新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)Lesson4重要句型及語(yǔ)法
    一、重要句型或語(yǔ)法
    時(shí)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)
    現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,如:I have seen the film.該句可能暗含的潛臺(tái)詞是:我對(duì)這部電影的情節(jié)比較了解了或者我不愿意再看這部電影了。
    1)標(biāo)志性詞語(yǔ):already/just/yet/never/ever
    2)常見(jiàn)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):recently/lately;in the past/latest+一段時(shí)間;up to now/so far
    3)have been to(去過(guò)已回)與have gone to(去了未回)的區(qū)別
    4)瞬間動(dòng)詞(可用于完成時(shí),但不能與一段時(shí)間連用)與持續(xù)動(dòng)詞的區(qū)別
    5)since(+具體時(shí)間/時(shí)間點(diǎn))與for(+一段時(shí)間/時(shí)間段)的區(qū)別
    二、課文主要語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)
    I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. receive sth. from sb.,從某人處收到某物。句中的Tim是my brother的同位語(yǔ),補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明my brother的名字。
    He has been there for six months. 句中用has been,不用has gone,是因?yàn)榇颂幈磉_(dá)的是他已經(jīng)在澳大利亞呆了6個(gè)月了。
    He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia. work for...,表示為某人工作。firm一般是指較大規(guī)模的公司。a number of表示許多的、大量的,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù);注意與the number of(...的數(shù)量,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù))的區(qū)別。
    He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. 句中用has gone to,不用has been to,是因?yàn)榇藭r(shí)Tim人不在說(shuō)話(huà)處,而是已經(jīng)去了Alice Springs。a small town in the centre of Australia是Alice Springs的同位語(yǔ),補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明Alice Springs的具體位置。in the centre of,表示在...中心。
    From there, he will fly to Perth. 句中的from there放到句首,屬于句子尾重原則的運(yùn)用,因?yàn)檫@句話(huà)的重點(diǎn)不在于他要從哪兒飛往Perth,而是要強(qiáng)調(diào)他將從Alice Springs飛往哪兒,所以要把from there提前。這么做,還可以起到承上啟下的銜接作用。
    My brother has never been abroad before, so he is find this trip very exciting. never...before,表示從未,如:She has never learned French before. 句中的find this trip very exciting是:動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的用法,賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)一般為形容詞,如:He found the room empty. 他發(fā)現(xiàn)房間是空的。
    三、讀寫(xiě)重點(diǎn)
    1、注意“...and has gone to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre of Australia”中的a small town in the centre of Australia是Alice Springs的同位語(yǔ),補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明其所在位置。
    2、尾重:From there, he will fly to Perth.此處的From there放在句首,既承接了上文,又使得fly to Perth的動(dòng)作得到了強(qiáng)調(diào),是典型的尾重原則的運(yùn)用。
    新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)Lesson5重要句型及語(yǔ)法
    一、重要句型或語(yǔ)法
    1、時(shí)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)
    1)一般過(guò)去時(shí),表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),如:Yesterday, a pigeon carried the first message from Pinhurst to Silbury. / He was very tired after a whole day's work last night.
    2)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,如:He has just bought another garage in Pinhurst. / In this way, he has begun his own private 'telephone' service.
    2、有關(guān)way的短語(yǔ)
    1)in the way,表示擋路了或是按照某種方法/方式,如:The chair is in the way. / Do the job in the way your teacher has shown you.
    2)on the way,表示在路上,如:On the way home, I bought some cakes for my daughter.
    3)in this way,表示用這種方法,如:In this way, he has saved more than five thousand dollars.
    4)by the way,表示順便說(shuō)一下,如:By the way, have you seen Tom recently?
    5)in a way,表示在某種意義上,如:In a way, he is more than a teacher to us.
    二、課文主要語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)
    Mr. James Scott has a garage in Silbury and now he has just bought another garage in Pinhurst.
    1)注意garage的讀音,美式英語(yǔ)里一般讀作/ɡə'rɑːʒ/,英式英語(yǔ)里一般讀作/'ɡærɑːʒ/。
    2)another一般用來(lái)修飾可數(shù)名詞,而且名詞只能用單數(shù),注意與other和the other的區(qū)別:one...the other...是兩者之間的一個(gè)和另一個(gè);other+名詞,表示其他的人或物,后面的名詞要么用復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,要么用不可數(shù)名詞;another一般表示再一個(gè)、又一個(gè),而且經(jīng)常用來(lái)指代3個(gè)或以上中的另一個(gè)。
    Pinhurst is only five miles from Silbury, but Mr. Scott cannot get a telephone for his new garage, so he has just bought twelve pigeons.
    1)...距離+from...,表示兩地相距多遠(yuǎn)。
    2)get...for...,表示為...拿到或取得...。
    3)注意pigeon(多指家鴿)與dove(指較小品種的鴿,美國(guó)稱(chēng)為野鴿)的區(qū)別。
    Yesterday, a pigeon carried the first message from Pinhurst to Silbury. carry a message,表示傳遞信息,相當(dāng)于send a message。
    The bird covered the distance in three minutes.
    1)cover a distance of+距離,表示走過(guò)多遠(yuǎn)的距離。
    2)in+時(shí)間段,表示在多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間內(nèi),也可以用in+時(shí)間段+'/'s+time,經(jīng)常用來(lái)表將來(lái),如:The train will leave in two hours/in two hours' time。
    Up to now, Mr. Scott has sent a great many requests for spare parts and other urgent messages from one garage to the other.
    1)up to now,表示迄今為止、到現(xiàn)在為止,一般用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
    2)a great many,表示許多、大量,相當(dāng)于a great number of。
    3)request,表示禮貌的要求或請(qǐng)求,注意與ask(較為口語(yǔ)化)require(較為生硬或強(qiáng)制性)的區(qū)別。
    4)spare parts,表示零件。其中,spare表示空閑的、多余的。注意spare的一詞多義和一詞多類(lèi),可參考教材第30頁(yè)中的難點(diǎn)分析。 part表示零件。
    5)urgent,表示時(shí)間緊急的、緊迫的,注意與emergent(情況危急的)的區(qū)別。
    In this way, he has begun his own private 'telephone' service. 1)private,表示私人的、隱私的,可參考第一課中的a private conversation。
    2)service,表示業(yè)務(wù)、服務(wù),來(lái)源于動(dòng)詞serve。server表示服務(wù)器或侍者。
    三、讀寫(xiě)重點(diǎn)
    1、尾重:Yesterday, a pigeon carried the first message from Pinhurst to Silbury. 句中的yesterday放在句首,是為了凸顯昨天到底發(fā)生了什么事情。類(lèi)似的句子還有下文里出現(xiàn)的:Up to now, Mr. Scott has sent a great many requests for spare parts and other urgent messages from onte garage to the other.
    2、銜接:In this way, he has begun his own private 'telephone' service. 句中的in this way表示按照這種方式,起到了承上啟下的銜接作用,因?yàn)閠his指代的就是前面用鴿子傳遞信息的方式。此外,in this way后面用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)后,既是短語(yǔ)用法的需要,又凸顯了后面的句子內(nèi)容。
    新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)Lesson6重要句型及語(yǔ)法
    一、重要句型或語(yǔ)法
    1、冠詞的用法
    1)不定冠詞a/an,如:a pen, an egg
    2)定冠詞the,如:A dog is barking at me. The dog is black and white.
    3)零冠詞,即不用冠詞的情況,如人名和地名前面,如:John lives in London.
    2、短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法
    短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞指的是后面跟上介詞或副詞后、意思會(huì)發(fā)生變化的動(dòng)詞。如:
    1)I put your book on the shelf. / I put on my hat and left the house.
    2)It was very hot, so I took off my coat. / Will you look after the children for me please?
    二、課文主要語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)
    I have just moved to a house in Bridge Street. 1)注意move to表示搬到什么地方,move into表示搬進(jìn)什么地方。 2)注意地名Bridge Street里的每個(gè)單詞的首字母都要大寫(xiě)。
    Yesterday a beggar knocked at my door. 1)beggar來(lái)源于beg(請(qǐng)求,祈求),表乞丐。 2)knock at表示敲打。
    He asked me for a meal and a glass of beer. ask sb. for sth.,表示向某人提出請(qǐng)求或要求。注意ask sb.表示詢(xún)問(wèn)某人。
    In return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs. 1)in return for sth.,作為對(duì)...的回報(bào)。 2)stand on one's head,表示倒立。
    He ate the food and drank the beer. 1)本句為由and連接的并列句,而且前后結(jié)構(gòu)完全一樣,使得整句話(huà)頗有節(jié)奏感。 2)注意ate和drank作為不規(guī)則的過(guò)去式形式。
    Then he put a piece of cheese in his pocket and went away. put ... in ...,表...放進(jìn)什么地方。
    Later a neighbour told me about him. 1)later表示后來(lái)、以后。 2)tell sb. about sth./sb.,告訴某人某事或某人。
    Everybody knows him. 注意詢(xún)問(wèn)并給學(xué)生解釋該句話(huà)為什么使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),而不用一般過(guò)去時(shí):因?yàn)樵摼湓?huà)描述的有關(guān)這個(gè)beggar的一般情況。
    He calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer. 1)call at,表示拜訪(fǎng)、光顧。 2)once a month,次數(shù)+時(shí)間單位,表示每隔段時(shí)間的頻率是多少。
    三、讀寫(xiě)重點(diǎn)
    1、注意課文中現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的結(jié)合使用,學(xué)會(huì)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來(lái)選擇使用不同的時(shí)態(tài)。
    2、注意once a month這種結(jié)構(gòu)的頻率的表達(dá)。
    3、注意教材第34頁(yè)難點(diǎn)中的有關(guān)knock的短語(yǔ)表達(dá),即knock at(敲打)、knock...off(碰撞;打折)、knock off(下班)、knock...over(撞倒)、knock...out(打暈)。