A.如何做閱讀理解題：
通過我們第一講中的介紹大家應該了解了，在整套試卷中是詞匯題外，其余6道都是和閱讀有關(guān)的，因此閱讀能力的強弱直接影響到大家的最后成績，那么有什么比較好辦法提高閱讀能力嗎？
當然有，閱讀能力的衡量標準分兩個方面。1）對篇章的理解程度；2）閱讀速度。全面提高閱讀水平是個逐漸積累提高的過程，但是，一些必要的閱讀技巧大有裨益。
我們看到一段話，首先要找出主題句（在試卷的第三部分，概括大意完成句子的前4題即是考察此能力）。英文短文通常主題明確單一，正確理解主題對理解其他展開句起著關(guān)鍵作用。在閱讀時，一定不要忽視短文的第一句。首句往往是文章的主題句（Topic Sentence），或是含有主題詞的句子，考生可以根據(jù)它來把握該段落的中心思想，為下面答題奠定基礎(chǔ)。
有時第一句話雖不是主題句，但與主題密切相關(guān)，其作用常是為主題句作鋪墊。這樣的話，第二句極可能是主題句。采用歸納法寫成的文章，會在結(jié)尾處點明主題句。因此，文章的首句、次句及尾句是一定要仔細讀的。
另外，頻繁出現(xiàn)的詞與主題密切相關(guān)，如果不懂，要查出來。但必要的詞匯量還是很重要的。平時要閱讀一定量難度適中的文章。通過閱讀文章提高自己的閱讀能力，對一些句子的理解能力，比如說一些長句的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，還有提高考生的推斷考力，在閱讀判斷和閱讀理解題中，考察考生推斷題是比較常見的題，希望考生在平時閱讀文章過程中，不僅僅讀懂句子字面的含義，能夠從字面含義中推出字面下所隱含的作者或者說話人真實的意圖是什么？
這里提醒考生，練習閱讀時要注意快速閱讀，切勿遇到生詞就查，應學會根據(jù)上下文先去猜詞義，文章讀完后，再把生詞查出。如果每篇文章都通篇一句一字去看根本沒時間看完，因而要求掌握比較好的語法知識，尤其是面對一個長句子，怎么理解一它是關(guān)鍵，首先抓住這句子核心的主干，因為主干的內(nèi)容基本上反映句子的大意，其次看一下其他依附性的結(jié)構(gòu)，比如不定式結(jié)構(gòu)，分句結(jié)構(gòu)，從句結(jié)構(gòu)等等。
英文中有句名言： Rome was not built in one day! 譯成中文就是“冰凍三尺非一日之寒。”掌握這些閱讀技巧更得需要大家日復一日地練習！我在這里仍預祝大家能快樂地學并有所收獲！
B．閱讀理解的出題類型：
1．主旨大意題：考查整篇文章的主題思想，或者某些段落的主題。提問方式主要有以下一些：
1. The main idea of this passage is ________.
2. This passage tells us__________.
3. Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?
4. The passage mainly discusses ___________.
5. What is the passage mainly about?
6. What is the best title of the passage?
2． 事實及細節(jié)題：考查支持和說明文章主旨的具體事實及細節(jié)，提問方式主要有以下幾種：
1. Some people do sth. because ____________?
2. According to the passage, we can know that ___________.
3. What … ? Which … ? Who (Whom) … ? When (What time)…
3．詞匯或短語題：根據(jù)上下文，理解所指定的詞匯或者短語的具體意義，提問方式如下：
1. The word “ … ” in line … in paragraph … refers to ______.
2. The expression … (lline …, paragraph … ) is closest in meaning to _________.
3. In line … the word “ … ” most probably means _________.
4．推理題：根據(jù)文章已有的信息或文章的含義進行歸納和總結(jié)；或推斷文章的引申、暗示的含義；或推斷出所節(jié)選段落的上文或下文；甚至推斷作者是誰等。有以下提問方式：
1. What is implied in the sentence “ … ” ?
2. The passage implies (suggest) that _________.
3. It can be inferred (concluded) from the passage that _______.
4. Which of the following can be concluded from this passage?
5. Which of the following conclusion could best be drawn from the passage?
6. We can learn from the passage that ________.
7. The paragraph following the passage would most probably discuss ______.
5．領(lǐng)會作者的觀點、意圖和態(tài)度。有以下提問方式：
1. The author's purpose of writing this passage is _________.
2. In this passage the author's attitude toward … could best be described as __________.
3. What is the author's attitude towards … ?
4. The author uses the example of … to show that ________.
C.2007年真題分析、講解（第2， 3 篇）
Passage two: Good Table Manners
Manners play an important part in making a favorable impression at the dinner table. Here are some general rules:
Napkin(餐巾)use
The meal begins when the host unfolds his or her napkin. This is your signal to do the same, so place your napkin on your lap.（36） Unfold it completely if it is a small napkin, or in half, lengthwise(縱向地),if it is a large dinner napkin.
If you need to leave the table during the meal, place your napkin on your chair as a signal to your server that you will be returning. Once the meal is over, place your napkin neatly on the table to the right of your dinner plate. Do not refold it.
（37）Use a napkin only for your mouth. Never use it for your nose, face or forehead.
Use of utensils(餐具)
Start with the knife, fork or spoon furthest from your plate,(38) and work your way in, using one utensil for each course.
If soup is served, remember to spoon away from yourself. This helps stop the drips. Do not put the entire soupspoon in your mouth. Instead, fill a soup spoon about 75 per cent with soup, and sip(啜飲)it from the side noiselessly.
After finishing dinner, place the knife and fork parallel to one another across the plate with the knife a lade facing inward toward the plate.
Using your fingers
Here’s a list of finger foods: sandwiches, cookies, small fruits or berries with stems, French fries and potato chips, and hamburgers.（39）
Chew(咀嚼)with your mouth closed and don’t make noise; don’t talk with your mouth full.
Bread must be broken with your hands. It is never cut with a knife.
Don’t pick something out of your teeth. Instead, excuse yourself to the bathroom.
If possible, try not to cough at the table.
Do not put your elbows(肘)on the table. In France, it is essential to have both hands above the table at the same time.
Do not put bones or anything else on the table. Things that are not eaten should be put on your plate.(40)
36.Where is the napkin normally placed during the meal?
A. On your chair. B. On the table. C. On your lap. D. On your plate.
37.The napkin is used only for_______.
A. your forehead. B. your mouth. C. your nose. D. your face.
38.Which utensil is used first?
A. The knife. B. The fork. C. The spoon. D. The one farthest from the plate.
39.All of the following are finger foods except __________.
A. Soup. B. Sandwiches. C. Cookies. D. Hamburgers.
40.Which of the following shows good table manners?
A. Talking with your mouth full.
B. Putting bones on your plate.
C. Putting your elbows on the table.
D. Chewing with your month open.
文章詳解：
1. 標題：Good（好的） Table（通過閱讀文章是指餐桌） Manners（舉止、禮節(jié)）
通過該標題，我們已經(jīng)看到這是一篇有關(guān)社會生活方面的文章，也屬于文化背景類型文章。可以猜測到這篇文章談論的是如何在吃飯時舉止文明、高雅。我相信對于大多數(shù)考生而言這樣的內(nèi)容一點也不晦澀。
2．解題思路：接下來，可以先很快看一下頭一兩句話：Manners play an important part in （= play an important role in在。。。方面起著重要作用***）making a favorable（有利的、有幫助的、討人喜歡的） impression（印象） at the dinner table(在出席宴會時). Here are some general rules:（這兒有一些普遍的規(guī)則，由此可以知道下文著重描述rules）, 再往后看我們看到，一些應該做的，如：Napkin(餐巾)use；Use of utensils(餐具)；Using your fingers；和一些有don’t…，即不該做的。
因此，對于文章后所設(shè)置的問題，我們可以推測出應以事實細節(jié)題為主，只要抓住每道題的核心詞匯，稍看一下原文就可以輕松找到答案。而且題目的設(shè)置是按照作者寫作的先后順序，非常有規(guī)律，即使大家不用看完全文，也基本能做個八九不離十。
補充有關(guān)詞組：make an impression on sb給某人留下印象。如：your smile made a deep impression on me.
3．先看看36題，Where（什么地方） is the napkin normally placed （放置）during the meal?
A. On your chair. B. On the table. C. On your lap. D. On your plate.
回頭查看和napkin有關(guān)的部分，我們看到The meal begins when the host unfolds his or her napkin. This is your signal to do the same, so place your napkin on your lap.當主人打開他或她的餐巾，宴會就要開始了。這就給你一個信號，像主人那樣做，因此將你的餐巾放在腿上。答案有了嗎？當然是C。
4．37題The napkin is used only for_______.
A. your forehead. B. your mouth. C. your nose. D. your face.
這道題應該是指宴會上的餐巾只能用來擦身體的哪個部位？答題的方式有兩種，一種是根據(jù)人們的常識，但如果你從未參加過正式宴席的話，還有一種解題方法就是從文章直接找答案。請看：
Use a napkin only for your mouth. Never use it for your nose, face or forehead.
意思是：餐巾只能用來擦嘴，而千萬不要用來擦鼻子、臉或前額。多么輕松搞定答案，就是B。
5. 繼續(xù)看38.Which（哪一個） utensil（餐具） is used （被使用）first（首先）?
A. The knife. B. The fork. C. The spoon. D. The one farthest from the plate.
讓我們一起去找原文中相應的句子：Start with （從。。。開始）the knife, fork（叉子） or spoon（勺） furthest（距離最遠的） from your plate, and work your way in, using one utensil for each course（一道菜）.
該句的意思是：（使用餐具）通常要從離你的盤子距離最遠的小刀、叉子或勺開始，每上一道菜使用一種餐具。參考一下所給答案，A，B，C，所表達的意思不完整，最完整的是D（離你的盤子最遠的餐具）。
6. 39.All (所有的)of the following（以下的） are finger（手指頭） foods（食物） except （介詞，除了= but，將后面的事物排除在外）__________.
A. Soup. B. Sandwiches. C. Cookies. D. Hamburgers.
看過題目后，我們對它的理解應該是：下面所列出的四種食物中有三種應用手指頭去處理，而有一種除外，是哪種？讓咱們看看原文中的一些句子：Here’s a list of finger foods: sandwiches, cookies, small fruits or berries with stems, French fries and potato chips, and hamburgers.
意思是：這是列出的用手指頭處理的食物，其中有：三明治，曲奇餅，小塊的水果或者有梗的漿果（比如像葡萄），薯片和漢堡包。請跟所給出的答案對比一下，發(fā)現(xiàn)B，C，D都在上面所列的單子里，惟獨A(湯)不在，因此答案是A。
通過我們第一講中的介紹大家應該了解了，在整套試卷中是詞匯題外，其余6道都是和閱讀有關(guān)的，因此閱讀能力的強弱直接影響到大家的最后成績，那么有什么比較好辦法提高閱讀能力嗎？
當然有，閱讀能力的衡量標準分兩個方面。1）對篇章的理解程度；2）閱讀速度。全面提高閱讀水平是個逐漸積累提高的過程，但是，一些必要的閱讀技巧大有裨益。
我們看到一段話，首先要找出主題句（在試卷的第三部分，概括大意完成句子的前4題即是考察此能力）。英文短文通常主題明確單一，正確理解主題對理解其他展開句起著關(guān)鍵作用。在閱讀時，一定不要忽視短文的第一句。首句往往是文章的主題句（Topic Sentence），或是含有主題詞的句子，考生可以根據(jù)它來把握該段落的中心思想，為下面答題奠定基礎(chǔ)。
有時第一句話雖不是主題句，但與主題密切相關(guān)，其作用常是為主題句作鋪墊。這樣的話，第二句極可能是主題句。采用歸納法寫成的文章，會在結(jié)尾處點明主題句。因此，文章的首句、次句及尾句是一定要仔細讀的。
另外，頻繁出現(xiàn)的詞與主題密切相關(guān)，如果不懂，要查出來。但必要的詞匯量還是很重要的。平時要閱讀一定量難度適中的文章。通過閱讀文章提高自己的閱讀能力，對一些句子的理解能力，比如說一些長句的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，還有提高考生的推斷考力，在閱讀判斷和閱讀理解題中，考察考生推斷題是比較常見的題，希望考生在平時閱讀文章過程中，不僅僅讀懂句子字面的含義，能夠從字面含義中推出字面下所隱含的作者或者說話人真實的意圖是什么？
這里提醒考生，練習閱讀時要注意快速閱讀，切勿遇到生詞就查，應學會根據(jù)上下文先去猜詞義，文章讀完后，再把生詞查出。如果每篇文章都通篇一句一字去看根本沒時間看完，因而要求掌握比較好的語法知識，尤其是面對一個長句子，怎么理解一它是關(guān)鍵，首先抓住這句子核心的主干，因為主干的內(nèi)容基本上反映句子的大意，其次看一下其他依附性的結(jié)構(gòu)，比如不定式結(jié)構(gòu)，分句結(jié)構(gòu)，從句結(jié)構(gòu)等等。
英文中有句名言： Rome was not built in one day! 譯成中文就是“冰凍三尺非一日之寒。”掌握這些閱讀技巧更得需要大家日復一日地練習！我在這里仍預祝大家能快樂地學并有所收獲！
B．閱讀理解的出題類型：
1．主旨大意題：考查整篇文章的主題思想，或者某些段落的主題。提問方式主要有以下一些：
1. The main idea of this passage is ________.
2. This passage tells us__________.
3. Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?
4. The passage mainly discusses ___________.
5. What is the passage mainly about?
6. What is the best title of the passage?
2． 事實及細節(jié)題：考查支持和說明文章主旨的具體事實及細節(jié)，提問方式主要有以下幾種：
1. Some people do sth. because ____________?
2. According to the passage, we can know that ___________.
3. What … ? Which … ? Who (Whom) … ? When (What time)…
3．詞匯或短語題：根據(jù)上下文，理解所指定的詞匯或者短語的具體意義，提問方式如下：
1. The word “ … ” in line … in paragraph … refers to ______.
2. The expression … (lline …, paragraph … ) is closest in meaning to _________.
3. In line … the word “ … ” most probably means _________.
4．推理題：根據(jù)文章已有的信息或文章的含義進行歸納和總結(jié)；或推斷文章的引申、暗示的含義；或推斷出所節(jié)選段落的上文或下文；甚至推斷作者是誰等。有以下提問方式：
1. What is implied in the sentence “ … ” ?
2. The passage implies (suggest) that _________.
3. It can be inferred (concluded) from the passage that _______.
4. Which of the following can be concluded from this passage?
5. Which of the following conclusion could best be drawn from the passage?
6. We can learn from the passage that ________.
7. The paragraph following the passage would most probably discuss ______.
5．領(lǐng)會作者的觀點、意圖和態(tài)度。有以下提問方式：
1. The author's purpose of writing this passage is _________.
2. In this passage the author's attitude toward … could best be described as __________.
3. What is the author's attitude towards … ?
4. The author uses the example of … to show that ________.
C.2007年真題分析、講解（第2， 3 篇）
Passage two: Good Table Manners
Manners play an important part in making a favorable impression at the dinner table. Here are some general rules:
Napkin(餐巾)use
The meal begins when the host unfolds his or her napkin. This is your signal to do the same, so place your napkin on your lap.（36） Unfold it completely if it is a small napkin, or in half, lengthwise(縱向地),if it is a large dinner napkin.
If you need to leave the table during the meal, place your napkin on your chair as a signal to your server that you will be returning. Once the meal is over, place your napkin neatly on the table to the right of your dinner plate. Do not refold it.
（37）Use a napkin only for your mouth. Never use it for your nose, face or forehead.
Use of utensils(餐具)
Start with the knife, fork or spoon furthest from your plate,(38) and work your way in, using one utensil for each course.
If soup is served, remember to spoon away from yourself. This helps stop the drips. Do not put the entire soupspoon in your mouth. Instead, fill a soup spoon about 75 per cent with soup, and sip(啜飲)it from the side noiselessly.
After finishing dinner, place the knife and fork parallel to one another across the plate with the knife a lade facing inward toward the plate.
Using your fingers
Here’s a list of finger foods: sandwiches, cookies, small fruits or berries with stems, French fries and potato chips, and hamburgers.（39）
Chew(咀嚼)with your mouth closed and don’t make noise; don’t talk with your mouth full.
Bread must be broken with your hands. It is never cut with a knife.
Don’t pick something out of your teeth. Instead, excuse yourself to the bathroom.
If possible, try not to cough at the table.
Do not put your elbows(肘)on the table. In France, it is essential to have both hands above the table at the same time.
Do not put bones or anything else on the table. Things that are not eaten should be put on your plate.(40)
36.Where is the napkin normally placed during the meal?
A. On your chair. B. On the table. C. On your lap. D. On your plate.
37.The napkin is used only for_______.
A. your forehead. B. your mouth. C. your nose. D. your face.
38.Which utensil is used first?
A. The knife. B. The fork. C. The spoon. D. The one farthest from the plate.
39.All of the following are finger foods except __________.
A. Soup. B. Sandwiches. C. Cookies. D. Hamburgers.
40.Which of the following shows good table manners?
A. Talking with your mouth full.
B. Putting bones on your plate.
C. Putting your elbows on the table.
D. Chewing with your month open.
文章詳解：
1. 標題：Good（好的） Table（通過閱讀文章是指餐桌） Manners（舉止、禮節(jié)）
通過該標題，我們已經(jīng)看到這是一篇有關(guān)社會生活方面的文章，也屬于文化背景類型文章。可以猜測到這篇文章談論的是如何在吃飯時舉止文明、高雅。我相信對于大多數(shù)考生而言這樣的內(nèi)容一點也不晦澀。
2．解題思路：接下來，可以先很快看一下頭一兩句話：Manners play an important part in （= play an important role in在。。。方面起著重要作用***）making a favorable（有利的、有幫助的、討人喜歡的） impression（印象） at the dinner table(在出席宴會時). Here are some general rules:（這兒有一些普遍的規(guī)則，由此可以知道下文著重描述rules）, 再往后看我們看到，一些應該做的，如：Napkin(餐巾)use；Use of utensils(餐具)；Using your fingers；和一些有don’t…，即不該做的。
因此，對于文章后所設(shè)置的問題，我們可以推測出應以事實細節(jié)題為主，只要抓住每道題的核心詞匯，稍看一下原文就可以輕松找到答案。而且題目的設(shè)置是按照作者寫作的先后順序，非常有規(guī)律，即使大家不用看完全文，也基本能做個八九不離十。
補充有關(guān)詞組：make an impression on sb給某人留下印象。如：your smile made a deep impression on me.
3．先看看36題，Where（什么地方） is the napkin normally placed （放置）during the meal?
A. On your chair. B. On the table. C. On your lap. D. On your plate.
回頭查看和napkin有關(guān)的部分，我們看到The meal begins when the host unfolds his or her napkin. This is your signal to do the same, so place your napkin on your lap.當主人打開他或她的餐巾，宴會就要開始了。這就給你一個信號，像主人那樣做，因此將你的餐巾放在腿上。答案有了嗎？當然是C。
4．37題The napkin is used only for_______.
A. your forehead. B. your mouth. C. your nose. D. your face.
這道題應該是指宴會上的餐巾只能用來擦身體的哪個部位？答題的方式有兩種，一種是根據(jù)人們的常識，但如果你從未參加過正式宴席的話，還有一種解題方法就是從文章直接找答案。請看：
Use a napkin only for your mouth. Never use it for your nose, face or forehead.
意思是：餐巾只能用來擦嘴，而千萬不要用來擦鼻子、臉或前額。多么輕松搞定答案，就是B。
5. 繼續(xù)看38.Which（哪一個） utensil（餐具） is used （被使用）first（首先）?
A. The knife. B. The fork. C. The spoon. D. The one farthest from the plate.
讓我們一起去找原文中相應的句子：Start with （從。。。開始）the knife, fork（叉子） or spoon（勺） furthest（距離最遠的） from your plate, and work your way in, using one utensil for each course（一道菜）.
該句的意思是：（使用餐具）通常要從離你的盤子距離最遠的小刀、叉子或勺開始，每上一道菜使用一種餐具。參考一下所給答案，A，B，C，所表達的意思不完整，最完整的是D（離你的盤子最遠的餐具）。
6. 39.All (所有的)of the following（以下的） are finger（手指頭） foods（食物） except （介詞，除了= but，將后面的事物排除在外）__________.
A. Soup. B. Sandwiches. C. Cookies. D. Hamburgers.
看過題目后，我們對它的理解應該是：下面所列出的四種食物中有三種應用手指頭去處理，而有一種除外，是哪種？讓咱們看看原文中的一些句子：Here’s a list of finger foods: sandwiches, cookies, small fruits or berries with stems, French fries and potato chips, and hamburgers.
意思是：這是列出的用手指頭處理的食物，其中有：三明治，曲奇餅，小塊的水果或者有梗的漿果（比如像葡萄），薯片和漢堡包。請跟所給出的答案對比一下，發(fā)現(xiàn)B，C，D都在上面所列的單子里，惟獨A(湯)不在，因此答案是A。