6.sometimes … at other times 有時… ，而有時則 …
a poor decision 一個不良決策
第二部分
Para.3
Choice is the opportunity to select among alternatives. If there is no choice， there is no decision to be made. Decision making is the process of choosing， and many decisions have a broad range of choice. For example， a student may be able to choose among a number of different courses in order to implement the decision to obtain a college degree. For managers， every decision has constraints based on policies， procedures， laws， precedents， and the like. These constraints exist at all levels of the organization.
7.“選擇”三個詞的區(qū)別：
alternative adj.兩者或多于兩者選一個，供選擇的，n.替代物
choice 選自己喜歡的，挑出，選出
select 選出的，篩選、精選
8.由 if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句， 主句中的不定式被動態(tài) to be made作定語， 修飾decision
9.range n. 范圍 a broad range of choice 一個很廣的選擇范圍
10.For managers， every decision has constraints based on policies， procedures， laws， precedents， and the like.
本句中based on 是一個過去分詞作定語修飾constraints.
be based on 表示“建立在…基礎(chǔ)上
例：The book is based on a true story. 這本書是以一個真實的故事為依據(jù)的。
He was the first to draw a map that was based on all available knowledge， rather than guess or imagination. 他第一個畫出以當(dāng)時所有的知識為基礎(chǔ)的地圖，而不是基于猜測和想象。
and the like 意思是“等等 （之類的東西）”。
例：He studied painting， music， English and the like. 他學(xué)習(xí)了繪畫、音樂、英語等等。
11.at all levels “在各個層次”
Para.4
Alternatives are the possible courses of action from which choices can be made. If there are no alternatives， there is no choice and， therefore， no decision. If no alternatives are seen， often it means that a thorough job of examining the problems has not been done. For example， managers sometimes treat problems in an either/or fashion； this is their way of simplifying complex problems. But the tendency to simplify blinds them to other alternatives.
12.from which 引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾 courses of action 行動方針
13.a thorough job of examining 一個徹底的考察工作
a thorough job是主語，of examining the problems 修飾job，has not been done是句子的謂語。
thorough a. 徹底的
through prep. 通過，穿過
though conj. 雖然，盡管 （ 同although ）
thought n. 思想
14.For example， managers sometimes treat problems in an either/or fashion ：
either /or 意思是“非此即彼；二者擇一”。
例：We fight， or we don't —— it's an either/or decision.
我們戰(zhàn)斗或不戰(zhàn)斗-這是二者擇一的決定。
第三部分
Para.5
At the managerial level， decision making includes limiting alternatives as well as identifying them， and the range is from highly limited to practically unlimited.
15.At the managerial level， decision making includes limiting alternatives as well as identifying them， and the range is from highly limited to practically unlimited.
在as well as 結(jié)構(gòu)中，強調(diào)前者 limiting alternatives ，不強調(diào)后者
譯為：作決策包括限定選擇和識別選擇，或者譯成：不僅包括識別選擇還要包括限定選擇（除了包括識別選擇外還有限定選擇）
practically ad. 實際上，事實上（在口語中譯為，幾乎，簡直）在本文中是幾乎的意思。例如：幾乎是不可能practically impossible
a poor decision 一個不良決策
第二部分
Para.3
Choice is the opportunity to select among alternatives. If there is no choice， there is no decision to be made. Decision making is the process of choosing， and many decisions have a broad range of choice. For example， a student may be able to choose among a number of different courses in order to implement the decision to obtain a college degree. For managers， every decision has constraints based on policies， procedures， laws， precedents， and the like. These constraints exist at all levels of the organization.
7.“選擇”三個詞的區(qū)別：
alternative adj.兩者或多于兩者選一個，供選擇的，n.替代物
choice 選自己喜歡的，挑出，選出
select 選出的，篩選、精選
8.由 if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句， 主句中的不定式被動態(tài) to be made作定語， 修飾decision
9.range n. 范圍 a broad range of choice 一個很廣的選擇范圍
10.For managers， every decision has constraints based on policies， procedures， laws， precedents， and the like.
本句中based on 是一個過去分詞作定語修飾constraints.
be based on 表示“建立在…基礎(chǔ)上
例：The book is based on a true story. 這本書是以一個真實的故事為依據(jù)的。
He was the first to draw a map that was based on all available knowledge， rather than guess or imagination. 他第一個畫出以當(dāng)時所有的知識為基礎(chǔ)的地圖，而不是基于猜測和想象。
and the like 意思是“等等 （之類的東西）”。
例：He studied painting， music， English and the like. 他學(xué)習(xí)了繪畫、音樂、英語等等。
11.at all levels “在各個層次”
Para.4
Alternatives are the possible courses of action from which choices can be made. If there are no alternatives， there is no choice and， therefore， no decision. If no alternatives are seen， often it means that a thorough job of examining the problems has not been done. For example， managers sometimes treat problems in an either/or fashion； this is their way of simplifying complex problems. But the tendency to simplify blinds them to other alternatives.
12.from which 引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾 courses of action 行動方針
13.a thorough job of examining 一個徹底的考察工作
a thorough job是主語，of examining the problems 修飾job，has not been done是句子的謂語。
thorough a. 徹底的
through prep. 通過，穿過
though conj. 雖然，盡管 （ 同although ）
thought n. 思想
14.For example， managers sometimes treat problems in an either/or fashion ：
either /or 意思是“非此即彼；二者擇一”。
例：We fight， or we don't —— it's an either/or decision.
我們戰(zhàn)斗或不戰(zhàn)斗-這是二者擇一的決定。
第三部分
Para.5
At the managerial level， decision making includes limiting alternatives as well as identifying them， and the range is from highly limited to practically unlimited.
15.At the managerial level， decision making includes limiting alternatives as well as identifying them， and the range is from highly limited to practically unlimited.
在as well as 結(jié)構(gòu)中，強調(diào)前者 limiting alternatives ，不強調(diào)后者
譯為：作決策包括限定選擇和識別選擇，或者譯成：不僅包括識別選擇還要包括限定選擇（除了包括識別選擇外還有限定選擇）
practically ad. 實際上，事實上（在口語中譯為，幾乎，簡直）在本文中是幾乎的意思。例如：幾乎是不可能practically impossible